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Federal agencies have taken steps to include the public in a wide range of environmental decisions. Although some form of public participation is often required by law, agencies usually have broad discretion about the extent of that involvement. Approaches vary widely, from holding public information-gathering meetings to forming advisory groups to actively including citizens in making and implementing decisions. Proponents of public participation argue that those who must live with the outcome of an environmental decision should have some influence on it. Critics maintain that public participation slows decision making and can lower its quality by including people unfamiliar with the science involved. This book concludes that, when done correctly, public participation improves the quality of federal agencies' decisions about the environment. Well-managed public involvement also increases the legitimacy of decisions in the eyes of those affected by them, which makes it more likely that the decisions will be implemented effectively. This book recommends that agencies recognize public participation as valuable to their objectives, not just as a formality required by the law. It details principles and approaches agencies can use to successfully involve the public.
This revised fourteenth edition reinforces this title's reputation as the bible of British planning. It provides a through explanation of planning processes including the institutions involved, tools, systems, policies and changes to land use.
The participation of the public sector in assessing the socialimpact of a wide range of projects is the focus of this ground-breakingbook. Leading experts from the u.s. and canada have contributedoriginal articles based on their empirical research conducted in currentimpact situations. These are supplemented by the editors' analyticaloverviews. The book concludes with projections regardingfuture linkages between public involvement and social impact assessment.Dr. Gregory A. Daneke is associate professor of public affairsand business administration at Arizona State University. He has coeditedEnergy Policy and Public Administration (1980) and coauthoredPerformance Administration: Improved Responsiveness and Effectivenessin Public services (1980). Dr. Margot w. Garcia is a program analystwith the USDA Forest Service; as part of a .nationwide training programfor the Forest Service in land management planning, she taught publicinvolvement and land management planning. Dr. Jerome Delli Priscoliis senior policy analyst at the Institute for Water Resources, u.s.Army Corps of Engineers, Ft. Belvoir, Virginia.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a fast-growing field of land-use planning affecting many disciplines. At present, UK Government legislation requires EIA for certain types of development. Subject to a further new European directive, an EIA will be required for all policies, plans and programmes. Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment in Practice provides a practical introduction to the subject and relates the theory to the practice through extensive use of case studies. Edited by Joe Weston, the book draws on contributions from a number of practising experts in the field and covers topics such as: assessing the need for EIAs; the environmental team; scoping and public participation; internal and external consultation; local lobbying; local authority review and decision-making; public enquiries; monitoring the impacts; pollution control; and the lessons to be learned. Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment in Practice provides a practical introduction to EIA for final year undergraduate and postgraduate MSc courses in planning, geography, civil engineering, building and estate management, and development.
Globally, environmental impact assessment (EIA) is one of the most enduring and influential environmental management tools. This handbook provides readers with a strong foundation for understanding the practice of EIA, by outlining the different types of assessment while also providing a guide to best practice. This collection deploys a research and practice-based approach to the subject, delivering an overview of EIA as an essential and practical tool of environmental protection, planning, and policy. To best understand the most pertinent issues and challenges surrounding EIA today, this volume draws together prominent researchers, practitioners, and young scholars who share their work and knowledge to cover two key parts. The first part introduces EIA processes and best practices through analytical and critical chapters on the stages/elements of the EIA process and different components and forms of assessment. These provide examples that cover a wide range of assessment methods and cross-cutting issues, including cumulative effects assessment, social impact assessment, Indigenous-led assessment, risk assessment, climate change, and gender-based assessment. The second part provides jurisdictional reviews of the European Union, the US National Environmental Policy Act, recent assessment reforms in Canada, EIA in developing economies, and the EIA context in England. By providing a concise outline of the process followed by in-depth illustrations of approaches, methods and tools, and case studies, this book will be essential for students, scholars, and practitioners of environmental impact assessment.
Bruch, a senior attorney of the Environmental Law Institute, presents work from an April 2003 symposium co-sponsored by the Environmental Law Institute, the United Nations University, and other institutions. Papers from the symposium identify innovative approaches in watershed management and look at political, linguistic, legal, cultural, and geogr
Modern environmental regulation and its complex intersection with international law has led many jurisdictions to develop environmental courts or tribunals. Strikingly, the list of jurisdictions that have chosen to do this include numerous developing countries, including Bangladesh, Kenya and Malawi. Indeed, it seems that developing nations have taken the task of capacity-building in environmental law more seriously than many developed nations. Environmental Justice in India explores the genesis, operation and effectiveness of the Indian National Green Tribunal (NGT). The book has four key objectives. First, to examine the importance of access to justice in environmental matters promoting sustainability and good governance Second, to provide an analytical and critical account of the judicial structures that offer access to environmental justice in India. Third, to analyse the establishment, working practice and effectiveness of the NGT in advancing a distinctively Indian green jurisprudence. Finally, to present and review the success and external challenges faced and overcome by the NGT resulting in growing usage and public respect for the NGT’s commitment to environmental protection and the welfare of the most affected people. Providing an informative analysis of a growing judicial development in India, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental justice, environmental law, development studies and sustainable development.
This book addresses questions which are of central interest to scholars of public policy in all liberal democracies. How can we correctly identify the outcomes of public policies? How can we and how should we judge those effects, especially where policies emerge from intense political conflict between groups with divergent views of what represents a desirable outcome? How can we explain the policy outcomes we observe? Where outcomes are not regarded favourably, how can we achieve different and more positive results? The book develops a new way of dealing with these questions at a conceptual level, making it of interest to the wide community of scholars and policy analysts.
Environmental Policy and NEPA is a concise study of environmental policy-where we have come from, what we are facing and where we can go in the future. An outgrowth of initiatives taken by the Council of Environmental Quality (CEQ), and edited by the current Associate Director, this publication studies the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Divided into three main sections, part one covers the historical background and trends of NEPA. Part two addresses current substantive and conceptual issues associated with the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process. Part three discusses future opportunities including impact on humans, effective public participation in the EIA process and the need for sustainability. This excellent reference brings together 28 contributing authors who combine their expertise to address a multitude of topics. Environmental Policy and NEPA is mandatory reading for the professional, researcher, government policymaker, activist, student or anyone looking for a complete presentation of the EIA process.
Through twenty-one chapters that examine current debates, recent cases, and ongoing developments in Canadian EIA, Environmental Impact Assessment reflects the diversity of issues EIA processes now address.