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"Privileged Knox and and his proxy, Syd, are thrown together to overthrow the system"--
How those with the power to design technology, in the very moment of design, are allowed to imagine who is included--and who is excluded--in the future. Our world is built on an array of standards we are compelled to share. In Proxies, Dylan Mulvin examines how we arrive at those standards, asking, "To whom and to what do we delegate the power to stand in for the world?" Mulvin shows how those with the power to design technology, in the very moment of design, are allowed to imagine who is included--and who is excluded--in the future. For designers of technology, some bits of the world end up standing in for other bits, standards with which they build and calibrate. These "proxies" carry specific values, even as they disappear from view. Mulvin explores the ways technologies, standards, and infrastructures inescapably reflect the cultural milieus of their bureaucratic homes. Drawing on archival research, he investigates some of the basic building-blocks of our shared infrastructures. He tells the history of technology through the labor and communal practices of, among others, the people who clean kilograms to make the metric system run, the women who pose as test images, and the actors who embody disease and disability for medical students. Each case maps the ways standards and infrastructure rely on prototypical ideas of whiteness, able-bodiedness, and purity to control and contain the messiness of reality. Standards and infrastructures, Mulvin argues, shape and distort the possibilities of representation, the meaning of difference, and the levers of change and social justice.
The pulse-pounding sequel to Proxy! Inspired by The Whipping Boy and Feed, this adrenaline-fueled thriller will appeal to fans of The Maze Runner and Divergent. Once a proxy, now the figurehead of the Revolution, Syd is a savior to some and a target for others. His bodyguard Liam must protect Syd with his life but armed Machinists aren't the only danger in the post-Jubilee world. A horrible disease is infecting people and since Guardians are hit first the government does nothing to help. Syd decides it's up to him to find a cure. . . And what he discovers leaves him stunned. This heart-stopping thriller is packed with volatile action and breathtaking heroics that will have readers racing to its epic conclusion. "Off-the-charts amazing." --Marie Lu, New York Times bestselling author of the Legend trilogy "Nonstop action and breakneck pace characterize this exceptional thriller...thought-provoking and breathtaking." --VOYA
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This Handbook is the first volume to comprehensively examine the challenges, intricacies, and dynamics of proxy wars, in their various facets. The volume aims to capture the significantly growing interest in the topic at a critical juncture when wars of many guises are becoming multifaceted proxy wars. Most often, proxy wars have wide-ranging implications for international security and are, therefore, a critically important subject of inquiry. The Handbook seeks to understand and explain proxy wars conceptually, theoretically, and empirically, with a focus on the numerous policy challenges and dilemmas they pose. To do so, it presents a multi- and interdisciplinary assessment of proxy wars focused on the causes, dynamics, and processes underpinning the phenomenon, across time and space and a multitude of actors throughout human history. The Handbook is divided into six thematic sections, as follows: Part I: Approaches to the Study of Proxy Wars Part II: Historical Perspectives on Proxy Wars Part III: Actors in Proxy Wars Part IV: Dynamics of Proxy Wars Part V: Case Studies of Proxy Wars Part VI: The Future of Proxy Wars By bringing together many leading scholars in a synthesis of expertise, this Handbook provides a unique and rigorous account of research into proxy war, which so far has been largely missing from the debate. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, security studies, foreign policy, political violence, and International Relations.
A Practical Guide to SEC Proxy and Compensation Rules, Sixth Edition is designed to meet the special needs of corporate officers and other professionals who must understand and master the latest changes in compensation disclosure and related party disclosure rules, including requirements and initial SEC implementing rules under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Current, comprehensive and reliable, the Guide prepares you to handle both common issues and unexpected situations. Contributions from the country's leading compensation and proxy experts analyze: Executive compensation tables Compensation disclosure and analysis Other proxy disclosure requirements E-proxy rules Executive compensation under IRC Section 162(m) And much more! Organized for quick, easy access to all the issues and areas you're likely to encounter in your daily work, A Practical Guide to SEC Proxy and Compensation Rules Dissects each compensation table individually--the summary compensation table, the option and SAR tables, the long-term incentive plan table--and alerts you to the perils and pitfalls of each one Walks you through preparation of the Compensation Disclosure and Analysis Explains the latest interpretations under the SEC's shareholder proposal rule and institutional investor initiatives and what they mean for the coming proxy season Helps you tackle planning concerns that have arisen in the executive compensation context, including strategies for handling shareholder proposals regarding executive compensation and obtaining shareholder approval of stock option plans The Sixth Edition reflects the latest SEC and IRS regulations, guidance, interpretations and disclosure practices. It adds a new chapter focused on developments and practices relating to required public company "say-on-pay" advisory votes pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act. Another new chapter addresses director qualifications and Board leadership, diversity, and risk oversight disclosures. This one-volume guide will help you prepare required disclosures as well as make long-range plans that comply fully with regulations and positions taken by the SEC more quickly and completely than ever before. In addition, we've updated the Appendices to bring you the latest rules and relevant primary source material. Previous Edition: Practical Guide to SEC Proxy and Compensation Rules, Fifth Edition ISBN 9780735598959
Most of our information about the evolution of Earth's ocean-climate system comes from the analysis of sediments laid down in the past. For example, the microfossil assemblage reflects the temperature, salinity and nutrient abundance of the water in which the organisms lived, while the chemical and isotopic composition of biogenic carbonates may be used to reconstruct past variations in the operation of the carbon cycle, as well as changes in ocean circulation. Nevertheless, understanding the link between these sediment variables (or 'proxies') and environmental conditions is not straightforward. This volume adopts a novel approach by bringing together palaeontologists, geochemists and palaeoceanographers, who contribute evidence that is required to better constrain these proxies. Topics include: (i) processes of biomineralization, and their effect on the chemical and isotopic composition of different organisms; (ii) proxy validation, including field, laboratory and theoretical studies; (iii) the links between modern and fossil organisms
Paleoceanographic proxies provide infonnation for reconstructions of the past, including climate changes, global and regional oceanography, and the cycles of biochemical components in the ocean. These prox ies are measurable descriptors for desired but unobservable environmental variables such as tempera ture, salinity, primary productivity, nutrient content, or surface-water carbon dioxide concentrations. The proxies are employed in a manner analogous to oceanographic methods. The water masses are first characterized according to their specific physical and chemical properties, and then related to particular assemblages of certain organisms or to particular element or isotope distributions. We have a long-standing series of proven proxies available. Marine microfossil assemblages, for instance, are employed to reconstruct surface-water temperatures. The calcareous shells of planktonic and benthic microorgan isms contain a wealth of paleoceanographic information in their isotopic and elemental compositions. Stable oxygen isotope measurements are used to detennine ice volume, and MglCa ratios are related to water temperatures, to cite a few examples. Organic material may also provide valuable infonnation, e. g. , about past productivity conditions. Studying the stable carbon isotope composition of bulk organic matter or individual marine organic components may provide a measure of past surface-water CO 2 conditions within the bounds of certain assumptions. Within the scope of paleoceanographic investigations, the existing proxies are continuously evolving and improving, while new proxies are being studied and developed. The methodology is improved by analysis of samples from the water column and surface sediments, and through laboratory experiments.