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The main aim of this book is to bridge the gap between aerobic and anaerobic waste treatments by concentrating on studies of earthworms. In particular, vermicomposting is being discussed as well as its properties and applications. Other subjects touch on the treatment of palm oil mill effluents, the various importance of earthworms, its scope and future aspects of earthworm research, and the impact of waste management practices on human health.
Biovalorisation of Wastes to Renewable Chemicals and Biofuels addresses advanced technologies for converting waste to biofuels and value-added products. Biovalorisation has several advantages over conventional bioremediation processes as it helps reduce the costs of bioprocesses. Examples are provided of several successfully commercialized technologies, giving insight into developing, potential processes for biovalorisation of different wastes. Different bioprocess strategies are discussed for valorising the wastes coming from the leather industry, olive oil industry, pulp and paper, winery, textile, and food industries, as well as aquaculture. A section on biorefinery for hydrocarbons and emerging contaminants is included to cover concepts on biodesulfurization of petroleum wastes, leaching of heavy metals from E - waste, and bioelectrochemical processes for CO2. Chapters on algal biorefinery are also included to focus on the technologies for conversion of CO2 sequestration and wastewater utilization. Biovalorisation of Wastes to Renewable Chemicals and Biofuels can be used as course material for graduate students in chemical engineering, chemistry, and biotechnology, and as a reference for industrial professionals and researchers who want to gain a basic understanding on the subject.
Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Sustainable Food Waste Management: Resource Recovery and Treatment covers the latest methods of food waste management and resource recovery from a sustainability perspective and is suitable for universities, municipalities, and companies working in the field. This book provides a comprehensive account of food waste chemistry, the latest techniques for food waste treatment and recycling, sustainability assessment (social, economic, environmental), and challenges in food waste management. The book explores recycling to value-added products using sustainable concepts and methodologies, and is useful as a course or reference book for biochemical engineering, environmental sustainability, and waste management. - Covers recycling to value-added products using sustainable concepts and methodologies - Provides an exhaustive description of general treatment options and their evaluation guidelines in terms of cost, energy consumption, and waste generation, enabling readers to understand the principles behind various recovery and treatment schemes - Describes existing and emerging food waste recycling technologies, products obtained, and process efficiencies - Offers a thorough account of critical factors and challenges in food waste valorization, such as handling of new emerging contaminants, end-product purity, and life-cycle assessment
New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Sustainable Agriculture: Revitalization through Organic Products provides a comprehensive overview of different organic products which work as plant biostimulants, i.e., protein hydrolysates, chitosan, microbial derived exopolysaccharides, pectin, nanoparticles, etc. In addition, detailed insights in their mechanisms for plant growth promotion and stress alleviation are covered. This volume further discusses the extraction and formulation of organic products for use in sustainable agriculture. The application of microbial derived secondary metabolites in crop protection is also extensively covered. This book will be ideal for agrochemists, biotechnologists, biochemists, industrialists, researchers and scientists working on organic farming. - Comprises information on the various types of organic products and their applications in agriculture - Gives an insightful perspective on mechanisms of different organic products involved in plant growth promotion and stress management - Provides resourceful material for new ideas to develop organic formulations for agricultural practices
This book contains detailed and structured approaches to tackling practical decision-making troubles using economic consideration and analytical methods in Municipal solid waste (MSW) management. Among all other types of environmental burdens, MSW management is still a mammoth task, and the worst part is that a suitable technique to curb the situation in developing countries has still not emerged. Municipal Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries will help fill this information gap based on information provided by field professionals. This information will be helpful to improve and manage solid waste systems through the application of modern management techniques. It covers all the fundamental concepts of MSWM; the various component systems, such as collection, transportation, processing, and disposal; and their integration. This book also discusses various component technologies available for the treatment, processing, and disposal of MSW. Written in view of actual scenarios in developing countries, it provides knowledge to develop solutions for prolonged problems in these nations. It is mainly for undergraduate and postgraduate students, research scholars, professionals, and policy makers.
This edited book collates the research done mainly in Africa on vermicomposting and related technologies that can assist African smallholder farmers in making nutrient rich organic fertilizers from their animal and crop residue wastes. Information on the development of organic sources of liquid fertilizer development for hydroponics is also presented. The book presents research findings on vermicomposting in a simplified way that will allow farmers and extension workers to adopt the indicated technologies. The book also covers critical aspects of standardization of vermicompost preparation, earthworm biology, nutrient enrichment of composts and organic liquid fertilizer production. Vermicomposting is a technology that employs earthworms to enhance the biodegradation and fertilizer value of organic wastes. The earthworms optimize the biodegradation ecosystem during composting, resulting in a final nutrient rich product with more recalcitrant forms of carbon and much lower levels of veterinary antibiotics and their metabolites. Vermicompost as an organic fertilizer is highly preferred over other forms of soil enhancers. A lot of research has been done on vermicompost and related activities in Africa but remain scattered across various publications. The book is an invaluable source of information for farmers especially those practicing organic crop production, vermicomposting researchers, as well as extension workers.
Comprehensive discussion of production and purification strategies for microbial enzymes important to various industries, from food and beverages to pharmaceuticals Microbial Enzymes provides expert insight into diverse aspects of microbial enzymes, highlighting strategies for their production, purification, and manipulation, elucidating eco-friendly industrial applications, and discussing several production processes, such as the production of cellulose and non-synthetic indigo dye. This book emphasizes recent technological interventions in microbial enzyme technology like metagenomics, system biology, molecular biology, genomics, directed evolution, and bioinformatics. The important microbial enzymes highlighted in this book include xylanases, ureases, methane monooxygenase, polyhydroxyalkanoates, pectinases, peroxidases, α-L-rhamnosidase, alkane hydroxylases, laccases, proteases, gallic acid decarboxylase, chitinases, beta-glucosidase, lipases, inulinases, tannase, mycozyme, ACC deaminase, ligninolytic enzymes, and many more. Novel treatment methods involving strains of microorganisms with desirable properties applicable in the process of bioremediation through mitigating climate concern, increasing green production technology, improving agriculture productivity, and providing a means of earning a livelihood are discussed. Readers will also gain state-of-the-art background knowledge on existing technologies and their current challenges and future prospects. Contributed to by leading experts in the field and edited by four highly qualified academics, Microbial Enzymes explores important topics including: Strategies for the discovery and enhancement of enzyme function, and potentials of system biology to better understand the kinetics of industrially important enzymes Production and therapeutic applications of monoclonal antibodies in cancer and other diseases, and characterization of tannase as a virulence factor Opportunities to produce enzymes through food waste and byproducts, and recent developments in computational tools Use of Omics tools in the discovery of fungal enzymes and secondary metabolites Microbial Enzymes is a thorough and highly practical reference on the subject for students, scientists, biotechnologists, microbiologists, and policymakers working in environmental microbiology, biotechnology, and environmental sciences.
Strategic Perspectives in Solid Waste and Wastewater Management explores conventional and advanced biotechnologies for waste management, including socio-economic aspects, techno-economic feasibility, models and modeling tools, and a detailed life-cycle assessment approach in solid waste (SW) and wastewater (WW). These innovative technologies are highly applicable to current real-world situations. The enormous increase in the quantum and diversity of SW and WW - including waste materials generated due to human activity and their potentially harmful effects on the environment and public health - have led to increasing awareness about an urgent need to adopt novel technologies for appropriate management of both SW and WW.While there is an obvious need to minimize the generation of wastes and to reuse and recycle them, the technologies for managing such wastes can play a vital role in mitigating problems. Besides recovery of substantial energy, these technologies can lead to a considerable reduction in the overall waste quantities requiring final disposal, which can be better managed for safe disposal in a controlled manner while meeting pollution control standards. - Outlines appropriate technologies for solid waste and wastewater management systems and their applications - Presents and evaluates the Best Available Technology (BAT) and includes global case studies - Provides methods for evaluating the way to use appropriate technological systems to develop the best technically and economically feasible projects worldwide - Offers an excellent resource for university students to use for their research and dissertations
This book is the first volume in a three-volume set on Solid Waste Engineering and Management. It provides an introduction to the topic, and focuses on legislation, transportation, transfer station, characterization, mechanical volume reduction, measurement, combustion, incineration, composting, landfilling, and systems planning as it pertains to solid waste management. The three volumes comprehensively discuss various contemporary issues associated with solid waste pollution management, impacts on the environment and vulnerable human populations, and solutions to these problems.
Environmental Nexus Approach: Management of Water, Waste, and Soil establishes linkages between environmental resources, such as water, waste, and soil, in order to facilitate sustainable management of these resources. It shows the nexus approach as a policy-relevant means of environmental management by focusing on integrated management of water, waste, and soil resources. It synthesizes interdisciplinary theory, concepts, definitions, models, and findings involved in complex global sustainability problem-solving, making it an essential guide and reference. It includes real-world examples and applications making the book accessible to a broader interdisciplinary readership. Features: Explores cutting-edge developments in the environmental nexus approach of water, waste, and soil. Introduces the key mechanisms regarding antibiotic resistance genes, microplastics, and other emerging contaminants in the water, waste, and soil nexus. Investigates the fate and behavior of heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, plastics, and pesticides in soil systems and their risk assessment. Provides insights into the latest developments, current research perspectives, technology development, critical thinking, and societal requirements of the environmental nexus between water, waste, and soil. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in environmental science and engineering, environmental engineering, and waste management.