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Tesis del ano 2013 en eltema Politica - Politica internacional - Region: Centro y Sur America, Nota: "ninguna,," Idioma: Espanol, Notas: Guia practica para trabajos de Residuos Solidos, Resumen: La problematica de la generacion y en especial la disposicion final de los residuos solidos es generalizada en todo el pais, de la que el distrito de Cunumbuqui no esta exento, siendo por ello necesario contar con un Plan de Manejo de estos residuos tanto para localidad de Cunumbuqui como para los Caserios de Pucacaca del Rio Mayo y La Marginal, por encontrarse proximos a la capital distrital. El trabajo consistio primero realizar el proceso de caracterizacion de los residuos solidos domiciliarios, calculando previamente la muestra estadistica para despues proceder con la toma de datos durante ocho dias en viviendas determinadas como fijas; con los residuos colectados se realizo la segregacion de sus componentes, ademas de calcular su peso y volumen por domicilio y en la totalidad de las muestras, determinando con ello la produccion per capita de las zonas de estudio. Esta informacion, ademas de la obtenida del proceso administrativo en la Municipalidad Distrital nos permitio proponer el Plan de Manejo de los residuos como instrumento de gestion municipal. Se encontro que la generacion per capita de residuos solidos en Cunumbuqui es de 0.48 kg./hab./dia (0.52 tn. /dia), en Pucacaca del Rio Mayo es de 0.54 kg./hab./dia (0.12 tn./dia) y en el Caserio de La Marginal es de 0.40 kg./hab./dia (0.10 tn./dia); ademas que el componente con mayor porcentaje de los residuos solidos en toda el area de estudio fue la "Materia organica" (con valores entre 89% y 92%), seguido de los plasticos de diferente composicion. Finalmente la Propuesta de Plan de Manejo de Residuos Solidos fue desarrollado como instrumento de gestion que permitira mejorar el control en la generacion y almacenamiento, recoleccion, transporte y disposicion final de los residuos solidos en las poblaciones trabaja
Resumen: Una de las problemáticas que enfrentan los grandes y pequeños centros poblados es el manejo y disposición final de los residuos sólidos resultado de las actividades antrópicas. El sector de los puentes en la comuna 3 del municipio de Tumaco presenta unas condiciones especiales, las cuales se dan al ocupar un área de manera informal y exponerse a impactos ambientales. La producción y desecho de basuras, residuos organicos, contaminación por hidrocarburos, sustancias químicas, desastres naturales como inundaciones, fuertes vientos, mareas, incluso tsunamis. al ser una zona palafitica sus calles están conformadas por puentes estrechos y el transito tanto de personas como de vehículos es limitado. Por estas razones se hace necesario proponer un plan de manejo integral diseñado con el fin de obtener beneficios ambientales, culturales y económicos. A través de programas de educación, sensibilización, minimización, separación, recolección, transporte, recuperación, aprovechamiento, almacenamiento, control y actualización del plan integral de residuos sólidos. A través del plan de gestión integral se van a generar cambios en los habitantes la forma de actuar, pensar en pro del ambiente, la conservación y el aumento de la belleza escénica del sector, también se genera una oportunidad al mostrar que los residuos a través del reciclaje y su buen manejo pueden generar ingresos.
From the bestselling author of the acclaimed Chaos and Genius comes a thoughtful and provocative exploration of the big ideas of the modern era: Information, communication, and information theory. Acclaimed science writer James Gleick presents an eye-opening vision of how our relationship to information has transformed the very nature of human consciousness. A fascinating intellectual journey through the history of communication and information, from the language of Africa’s talking drums to the invention of written alphabets; from the electronic transmission of code to the origins of information theory, into the new information age and the current deluge of news, tweets, images, and blogs. Along the way, Gleick profiles key innovators, including Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, Samuel Morse, and Claude Shannon, and reveals how our understanding of information is transforming not only how we look at the world, but how we live. A New York Times Notable Book A Los Angeles Times and Cleveland Plain Dealer Best Book of the Year Winner of the PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award
This interim report of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS is a follow-up to the work delivered in 2015 under Action 1 of the BEPS Project on addressing the tax challenges of the digital economy. It sets out the Inclusive Framework’s agreed direction of work on digitalisation and the international tax rules through to 2020. It describes how digitalisation is also affecting other areas of the tax system, providing tax authorities with new tools that are translating into improvements in taxpayer services, improving the efficiency of tax collection and detecting tax evasion.
The concept of social innovation offers an alternative perspective on development and territorial transformation, one which foregrounds innovation in social relations. This volume presents a broad-ranging and insightful exploration of social innovation and how it can affect life, society and economy, especially within local communities. It addresses key questions about the nature of social innovation as a process and a strategy and explores what opportunities may exist, or may be generated, for social innovation to nourish human development. It puts forward alternative development options which variously highlight solidarity, co-operation, cultural-artistic endeavour and diversity. In doing so, this book offers a provocative response to the predominant neoliberal economic vision of spatial, economic and social change.
For decades, neighbourhoods been pivotal sites of social, economic and political exclusion processes, and civil society initiatives, attempting bottom-up strategies of re-development and regeneration. In many cases these efforts resulted in the creation of socially innovative organizations, seeking to satisfy the basic human needs of deprived population groups, to increase their political capabilities and to improve social interaction both internally and between the local communities, the wider urban society and political world. SINGOCOM - Social INnovation GOvernance and COMmunity building – is the acronym of the EU-funded project on which this book is based. Sixteen case studies of socially-innovative initiatives at the neighbourhood level were carried out in nine European cities, of which ten are analysed in depth and presented here. The book compares these efforts and their results, and shows how grass-roots initiatives, alternative local movements and self-organizing urban collectives are reshaping the urban scene in dynamic, creative, innovative and empowering ways. It argues that such grass-roots initiatives are vital for generating a socially cohesive urban condition that exists alongside the official state-organized forms of urban governance. The book is thus a major contribution to socio-political literature, as it seeks to overcome the duality between community-development studies and strategies, and the solidarity-based making of a diverse society based upon the recognising and maintaining of citizenship rights. It will be of particular interest to both students and researchers in the fields of urban studies, social geography and political science.
"The Italian Legacy in Philadelphia examines the impact and influence of Italian arts, culture, people, and ideas on the city of Philadelphia from the founding to the present"--
A new edition of the preeminent work on the permanent establishment (PE) is a major event in tax law scholarship. Taking into account changes in judicial and administrative practice as well as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD’s) and the United Nation’s (UN’s) work in the three decades since the first edition, the present study brings the analysis up to date with the current internationally accepted interpretation of PE. The analysis is based on more than 720 cases from more than 20 countries, in addition to the OECD and UN model treaties and more than 630 books, articles, and official documents. The increased significance of the digital economy has rendered the traditional concept of PE inadequate for the allocation of taxing jurisdiction over the modern, mobile or digital international business. The author’s in-depth analysis explains the legal elements of the PE principle with attention to their continuing benefit and their shortcomings: criteria defining a PE- place of business, location, right of use, duration, business connection, business activity, ordinary course of business; evidence of a right of use to a place of business; business activities included in the PE concept of the tax treaties; identification of projects offshore and onshore; UN model treaty deviations from the OECD agency clause; distinction between jurisdictions with significant natural resources and countries possessing the capital, technology and know-how necessary to explore and exploit these resources; and how policies in each country may erode the PE concept. The book provides many synopses of court decisions and administrative rulings upon which the analysis is based. In addition to cases previously published in law reports and other publications, a number of unpublished decisions are included. A key word index makes it easy to find what is needed in any particular matter. The PE principle, in one version or another, is used in several thousand tax treaties in force today. This updated comprehensive study reveals the obligations imposed through the use of PE in tax treaties and will continue to be of immeasurable value to tax practitioners and scholars worldwide. In addition, the discussion of whether the notion of PE is an appropriate criterion for taxing jurisdiction in international fiscal law today provides authoritative and insightful food for thought.
This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. Updated in a 10th edition, Public Relations: Strategies and Tactics, Tenth Edition, clearly explains to students the basic concepts, strategies, and tactics of today’s public relations practice. This comprehensive text is grounded in scholarship and includes references to landmark studies and time-honored public relations techniques. The tenth edition emphasizes the application of the Internet and social media for programs and campaigns.
Case studies from around the world and theoretical discussion show how the capacity to act collectively on local problems can be developed, strengthening democracy while changing social and economic outcomes. Complexity, division, mistrust, and “process paralysis” can thwart leaders and others when they tackle local challenges. In Democracy as Problem Solving, Xavier de Souza Briggs shows how civic capacity—the capacity to create and sustain smart collective action—can be developed and used. In an era of sharp debate over the conditions under which democracy can develop while broadening participation and building community, Briggs argues that understanding and building civic capacity is crucial for strengthening governance and changing the state of the world in the process. More than managing a contest among interest groups or spurring deliberation to reframe issues, democracy can be what the public most desires: a recipe for significant progress on important problems. Briggs examines efforts in six cities, in the United States, Brazil, India, and South Africa, that face the millennial challenges of rapid urban growth, economic restructuring, and investing in the next generation. These challenges demand the engagement of government, business, and nongovernmental sectors. And the keys to progress include the ability to combine learning and bargaining continuously, forge multiple forms of accountability, and find ways to leverage the capacity of the grassroots and what Briggs terms the “grasstops,” regardless of who initiates change or who participates over time. Civic capacity, Briggs shows, can—and must—be developed even in places that lack traditions of cooperative civic action.