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Southern red oak and water oak, needed in studies of fusiform rust of southern pines, were propagated from cuttings of rooted stump sprouts and mature tree branches placed in outdoor propagation beds in June. Root strike and root development were increased when cuttings with basal wounds were treated with both the hormone IBA and the fungicide Folpet. cuttings from water oak rooted better than those from southern red oak.
Keywords: rooting, late season, provenance, early season, pruning height, stem cutting, container size, oak, asexual propagation, rooted cutting, red oak, photoperiod.
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Northern red oak (NRO), Quercus rubra L., is a valuable tree species for timber, wildlife, restoration, and urban forestry. Seed production and growth responses from different maternal sources can be widely variable. Rooting choice stem cuttings of NRO could prove to be a time-saving nursery practice, yielding prime candidates for outplanting. This study sought to develop effective protocols to root NRO stem cuttings at high frequencies and to examine the effects of several factors during rooting and subsequent containerized growth. Supplemental light and heat were administered to determine the effects of artificially extending the growing season of successfully rooted cuttings. Different container sizes were used to determine which size encouraged optimum containerized growth and survival. In addition, shoot production enhancement was studied through pruning of field grown stock seedlings so that stem cutting material could be readily available throughout the growing season; different seedling sources were used to examine provenance variability for shoot production. Also, early (ES) and late season (LS) cuttings were taken to determine the viability of rooting at different times during the growing season. After two seasons of containerized growth, final measurements of NRO rooted cuttings were recorded to determine efficacy of prior treatments. Geographic source and prune height treatments were both found to have significant impact on the number of new shoots generated by NRO stock plants. We found large stem caliper may enhance donor plant ability to generate new shoots for rooting as compared to small stem caliper. Geographic source and prune height treatment significantly affected rooting ability of ES cuttings, which rooted at 64% overall. Rooting percentages were lower for LS stem cuttings (53% overall), but showed the possibility of LS rooting for nursery operations; prune height alone was statistically significant for rooting ability of LS cuttings. During t.