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Formal specifications were first used in the description of program ming languages because of the central role that languages and their compilers play in causing a machine to perform the computations required by a programmer. In a relatively short time, specification notations have found their place in industry and are used for the description of a wide variety of software and hardware systems. A formal method - like VDM - must offer a mathematically-based specification language. On this language rests the other key element of the formal method: the ability to reason about a specification. Proofs can be empioyed in reasoning about the potential behaviour of a system and in the process of showing that the design satisfies the specification. The existence of a formal specification is a prerequisite for the use of proofs; but this prerequisite is not in itself sufficient. Both proofs and programs are large formal texts. Would-be proofs may therefore contain errors in the same way as code. During the difficult but inevitable process of revising specifications and devel opments, ensuring consistency is a major challenge. It is therefore evident that another requirement - for the successful use of proof techniques in the development of systems from formal descriptions - is the availability of software tools which support the manipu lation of large bodies of formulae and help the user in the design of the proofs themselves.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics, TPHOLs '97, held in Murray Hill, NJ, USA, in August 1997. The volume presents 19 carefully revised full papers selected from 32 submissions during a thorough reviewing process. The papers cover work related to all aspects of theorem proving in higher order logics, particularly based on secure mechanization of those logics; the theorem proving systems addressed include Coq, HOL, Isabelle, LEGO, and PVS.
This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (TPHOLs 2001) held 3–6 September 2001 in Edinburgh, Scotland. TPHOLs covers all aspects of theorem proving in higher order logics, as well as related topics in theorem proving and veri?cation. TPHOLs 2001 was collocated with the 11th Advanced Research Working Conference on Correct Hardware Design and Veri?cation Methods (CHARME 2001). This was held 4–7 September 2001 in nearby Livingston, Scotland at the Institute for System Level Integration, and a joint half-day session of talks was arranged for the 5th September in Edinburgh. An excursion to Traquair House and a banquet in the Playfair Library of Old College, University of Edinburgh were also jointly organized. The proceedings of CHARME 2001 have been p- lished as volume 2144 of Springer-Verlag’s Lecture Notes in Computer Science series, with Tiziana Margaria and Tom Melham as editors. Each of the 47 papers submitted in the full research category was refereed by at least 3 reviewers who were selected by the Program Committee. Of these submissions, 23 were accepted for presentation at the conference and publication in this volume. In keeping with tradition, TPHOLs 2001 also o?ered a venue for the presentation of work in progress, where researchers invite discussion by means of a brief preliminary talk and then discuss their work at a poster session. A supplementary proceedings containing associated papers for work in progress was published by the Division of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh.
Formal Methods Fact File VDM and Z Andrew Harry Formal methods provide a means of specifying computer systems that is unambiguous,concise and well suited to the development of complex software systems for which accuracy and reliability are critical. Heavily mathematical and seemingly difficult to learn, for many they hold little appeal. Andrew Harry speaks as a programmer who has travelled the difficult route to an understanding of formal methods techniques, and knows why it’s worth the effort. He explains, in refreshingly simple terms, what formal methods are, why we need them, what should motivate our choice of methods and how to use them effectively. The book presents a novel view of formal methods, spanning the range of specification techniques. An overview of the different styles of formal notation is followed by detailed chapters on the two most popular languages, VDM and Z, consistent with the latest draft standards. There is a readable account of the underlying maths, a short introduction to semantics for proof, and a survey of tools available. Teaching aids include quick reference appendices on the notation and syntax of VDM and Z; exercises (and their solutions); and a useful glossary of terms. A more populist account than most, this book’s "informal" treatment of the subject will appeal to students and industrial programmers who want to know more but find little on the shelves for the novice. Visit our Web page! http://www.wiley.com/compbooks/
This book provides an introduction to program specification, illustrating the advantages it confers upon the software development process. Covering all three major specification languages (Larch, VDM, and Z), the book discusses specification in general, the abstraction process, the mathematical tools required, and the main formal methods.
This collection of essays reflects the breadth of research in computer science. Following a biography of Robin Milner it contains sections on semantic foundations; programming logic; programming languages; concurrency; and mobility.
Formal methods enable computer architecture and software design to be mathematically proved correct before they are implemented. The complexity and time-consuming nature of such proofs have limited the applications of formal methods in the main to defence and safety-critical applications. The mural project (a joint Alvey-funded project between Manchester University and Rutherford Appleton Laboratories) has developed a software support system to help the user of formal methods. mural has created a user-friendly software environment (with extensive use of windows) that makes best use of human talents to produce computer systems that are proved to be correctly designed. Professor Cliff Jones is internationally known as the developer of the VDM system of formal notation (Vienna Development Method). This book describes the requirements, concepts, and realisation of the mural system. The authors present systematically and completely the results of this substantial research project, from the basic theoretical level to its effective implementation. The book will be of equal interest to academics working on formal methods at research level (and perhaps to graduate research students), and to practitioners and software engineers who are using - or who will have to use for defence contracts, etc. - formal methods.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th InternationalConference on Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2010, held in Shanghai, China,November 2010. The 42 revised full papers together with 3 invited talks presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 114 submissions. The papers address all current issues in formal methods and their applications in software engineering. They are organized in topical sections on theorem proving and decision procedures, web services and workflow, verification, applications of formal methods, probability and concurrency, program analysis, model checking, object orientation and model driven engineering, as well as specification and verification.
This collection explores all aspects of metallurgical processing, materials behavior, and microstructural performance for the distinct class of 718-type superalloys and derivatives. Technical topics focus on alloy and process development, production, product applications, trends, and the development of advanced modeling tools. New developments in R&D, new processing methods, 3D printing, and other nontraditional applications also are covered.