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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were established by UN member states, as part of the Millennium Declaration in September 2000, including commitments to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, to achieve universal primary education; promote gender equality, reduce child mortality and improve health conditions. This report assesses progress towards accomplishing these objectives in the Asia and Pacific region, and considers future challenges and opportunities. The report reveals considerable variations in achievements by different countries in this diverse region, with striking improvements being made in some areas such as income poverty reduction, as well as disturbingly slow progress in others.
The Asia-Pacific region has made considerable progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but the region is still off track on many crucial MDG indicators. This publication considers the challenges the region faces for achieving the Goals and shows that they are still within reach, given sufficient determination and financial resources. It starts by estimating the financial needs of the region for closing the gaps in achievement of the MDG targets and identifies potential sources for those funds. It also shows how Asia and the Pacific can take the lead in developing a more inclusive and development friendly financial system. Finally, the report discusses challenges -including technology and finance- for promoting growth that is inclusive and sustainable -green growth- that will help the region achieve the MDGs.
This book examines how international aid donors and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) can assist countries in the Asia-Pacific region achieve the Millennium Development Goals. The book examines the progress countries have made towards the MDGs and highlights the need to tailor the goals to individual country circumstances.
The book brings together implementation studies from the Asia Pacific countries in the context of the deadline of 2015 for achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The contributors to this volume are scholars belonging to the Network of Asia Pacific Schools and Institutes of Public Administration and Governance (NAPSIPAG). NAPSIPAG is the only non-West governance research network presently located at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi after having shifted from its original location at INTAN (Government of Malaysia) at Kuala Lumpur in 2009. ‘Implementation’ is a less understood but a much debated area of governance research. It requires micro-level analysis of government agencies, service delivery departments and stakeholders on one hand and its national and global policy level connections on the other. Implementation studies are above disciplinary divides and subsequent disjunctions which inhibit explorations on policy downslides or failures. The studies relate to the new initiatives which governments across the region have undertaken to reach out to the MDG targets agreed upon in 2000. The focus of analysis is the policy framework, local capacities of both the government agencies and people in drawing partnerships with relevant expert groups, ability to bring transparency and accountability measures in transactions for cost-effective results, leadership and sustainability dimensions which influence the functioning of local agencies. The book is especially important in the background of 15 voluminous Administrative Reforms Commission Reports accumulating dust in India and similar efforts lying unattended in many other countries of this region as well. Countries like Malaysia, which has focused upon ‘implementation strategies’ combined with timely evaluation and supervision of administrative agencies has almost achieved most of their committed MDGs. A special report of Malaysian efforts, initiates the debate of moving beyond the ‘best practice research’ in implementation arena. The central idea of this book is to demonstrate the role of communities in making governance effective and government responsive to the needs of people.
Each country in the Asia-Pacific region faces specific challenges in its quest to achieve the health-related United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). According to this publication, these challenges can only be met by adopting a comprehensive health systems approach to deliver universal coverage of a minimum package of health services and by addressing the determinants of health that lie beyond the direct purview of the health sector.
This report is the latest update on the progress towards Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Asia and the Pacific. It highlights the region's achievements and exposes issues on which much work remains to be done. Although the region as a whole is on its way to achieving the MDGs, progress by many countries individually is still slow and performance on some targets, particularly the health ones, including water and sanitation, is unsatisfactory. In terms of absolute numbers, the region accounts for the major share of the world's population suffering from many attributes of deprivation, such as: population living in rural areas without access to sanitation; number of underweight children; people suffering from malnutrition; population living on less that a dollar a day; number of TB cases. The report provides estimates of populations affected by social and economic poverty in the Asia-Pacific region and compares it to the two other major developing regions, sub-Saharan-Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean. .
In the year 2000, the international community agreed to a framework to address global poverty. This framework, known as the Millennium Development Goals, was time-bound with an end date of 2015. With this end now in sight, the international community is focusing on the achievement of these goals. However, it is also very important that consideration now turns to what will follow the MDGs after 2015. Millennium Development Goals: Looking Beyond 2015 provides a critical analysis of the MDGs and discusses a range of issues that must be considered by the international community in determining what poverty alleviation framework might replace the MDGs. This reflection is made even more imperative as the poverty landscape has shifted considerably since these original goals were made. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy.
This paper assesses regional performance related to gender equality and women's empowerment, identifies some of the main challenges to further progress and provides examples of promising interventions and supportive institutions to guide future actions.