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This volume consists of 15 chapters, each presenting a different segment of modern psychology. Topics range from biochemistry to the history of art, from epistemological arguments to the interplay of science and society; research methods include comparative, developmental, physiological, clinical, and statistical modeling. Each chapter also links current efforts to a shared history. Progress in these diverse activities is presented as the natural outgrowth of a common outlook on scientific psychology--a viewpoint known as Functionalism, first articulated around the turn of the century by William James, John Dewey, James Rowland Angell, Harvey Carr, and others. Part I takes a broad, historical perspective on the role of Functionalism in the development of scientific psychology. Essays here discuss the emergence of the Functionalist perspective; the importance of the Functionalists' appreciation of societal problems to the rapid progress and future contributions of psychology. Part II presents current research emphasizing biological aspects of psychological phenomena. It includes chapters on the evolutionary perspective that motivates comparative studies of behavior and cognition; clinical neuropsychology; how the coordinated development of psychophysiological and behavioral methods have provided insights in medicine and space travel; and research on the development of the nervous system. The next part focuses on phenomena of mental life by sampling current research on perception, cognition, and development: the Functionalist perspective in studies of cognitive development in children; changes in mental function that occur later in life and comprise a major challenge to research in cognitive gerontology; how one can best describe the structure of intelligence; and how the evolution of Western art reveals historic parallels between artistic expression and theories of perception. Part IV studies research on the interactions among people--the domain of social phenomena. Essays investigate the adaptive nature of social interactions; the social characteristics of giving and receiving; and how the behavioral effects of marijuana and patterns of usage vary by environment and social context.
In A History of Modern Psychology in Context, the authors resist the traditional storylines of great achievements by eminent people, or schools of thought that rise and fall in the wake of scientific progress. Instead, psychology is portrayed as a network of scientific and professional practices embedded in specific contexts. The narrative is informed by three key concepts—indigenization, reflexivity, and social constructionism—and by the fascinating interplay between disciplinary Psychology and everyday psychology.
First Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
"A Critical Introduction to Psychology is the first scholarly book, in which fifteen critical psychologists analyze chapters from popular Introduction to Psychology textbooks. In their critiques of mainstream (Euro-American) psychology, the authors of this edited volume also envision a pluriversal, transdisciplinary psychology, which is inclusive of critical voices from all over the world"--
First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
For well over half a century, since the first credible warnings of petroleum depletion were raised in the 1950s, contemporary industrial civilization has been caught in a remarkable paradox: a culture more focused on problem solving than any other has repeatedly failed to deal with, or even consider, the problem most likely to bring its own history to a full stop. The coming of peak oil-the peaking and irreversible decline of world petroleum production-poses an existential threat to societies in which every sector of the economy depends on petroleum-based transport, and no known energy source can scale up extensively or quickly enough to replace dwindling oil supplies. Not The Future We Ordered is the first study of the psychological dimensions of that decision and its consequences, as a case study in the social psychology of collective failure, and as an issue with which psychologists and therapists will be confronted repeatedly in the years ahead.
A History of Modern Psychology provides students with an engaging, comprehensive, and global history of psychological science, from the birth of the field to the present. It examines the attempts to establish psychology as a science in several countries and epochs. The text expertly draws on a vast knowledge of the field in the United States, England, Germany, France, Russia, and Scandinavia, as well as on author Per Saugstad's keen study of neighboring sciences, including physiology, evolutionary biology, psychiatry, and neurology. Offering a unique global perspective on the development of psychology as an empirical science, this text is an ideal introduction to the field for students and other readers interested in the history of modern psychology.
This collection of original essays offers a comprehensive examination of scientific progress, which has been a central topic in recent debates in philosophy of science. Traditionally, debates over scientific progress have focused on different methodological approaches, notably the epistemic and semantic approaches. The chapters in Part I of the book examine these two traditional approaches, as well as the newly revived functional and newly developed noetic approaches. Part II features in-depth case studies of scientific progress from the history of science. The chapters cover individual sciences including physics, chemistry, evolutionary biology, seismology, psychology, sociology, economics, and medicine. Finally, Part III of the book explores important issues from contemporary philosophy of science. These chapters address the implications of scientific progress for the scientific realism/anti-realism debate, incommensurability, values in science, idealisation, scientific speculation, interdisciplinarity, and scientific perspectivalism. New Philosophical Perspectives on Scientific Progress will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on the history and philosophy of science.