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Study conducted at fifty small scale enterprises in Hyderabad and Secunderabad, two cities of Andhra Pradesh, India.
This book is an ethnographic study of clay idol-makers of Kumartuli in Kolkata, India. Much of the visibility and identity of Kolkata’s creative culture has been dependent upon the clay artists of Kumartuli for the last 100 years or so. This book explores the nature of the carefully constructed identity of these idol-makers as mritshilpis , or clay artists, who, as opposed to ordinary potters, work with their hands instead of a wheel. It looks at how the mritshilpis consciously embrace and expand their market based on this variation and elevated status as artists instead of artisans and studies the embeddedness of this identity within the commodity markets. It also shows that commodity markets, in this case the market of clay idols, are an outcome of trends of urbanisation, popular demand, corporatisation and commodification of culture, all of which have shaped the contours of clay idol-making as not only an occupation but a brand identity. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and in-depth interviews, the book highlights the larger structural relationship between urbanisation, indigenous occupational categories and identity politics. It will be indispensable to scholars and researchers of sociology, social anthropology, political studies, cultural history, urban economy, art history, urbanisation, cultural studies and urban sociology.
Sikkim has a population of 3,16,355 people (1981 census) and an area of 4276 Sq. Kms. Despite its small area, much ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversity is exhibited. Very few studies on the diverse tribal culture were undertaken in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. No anthropological studies have been undertaken on Sikkim since its integration with India. This work prepared under Man and Biosphere Programme of UNESCO is a significant contribution to the knowledge of this little known part of the mountain world. In the present book, Dr. Veena Bhasin, who carried out field work during 1981 to 1983 in North Sikkim records the complex patterns of the two diverse culture of the Lepchas and the Bhutias of North Sikkim. A micro approache has been used to explore indepth, the myriad aspects of life at Dzongu reserve habited by Pepaches and Lachen and Lachung valleys habited by Bhutias. The Social organisation, religious beliefs, economic structure and social control have been described in detail.
First Published in 1966. Any person who resides in any one of the principal oriental countries is bound to stimulate a western mind to consider the differences between his own and eastern civilizations, and the reasons for these differences. During a dozen years as an economist in Japan, India and China, a number of conclusions which the author first formed tentatively have gradually become convictions. One of these is that if economic forces play the important part in western countries which most thoughtful people attribute to them, they must be even more important in the Orient, because of the greater pressure of population upon the natural resources in those countries. A second is that many of the striking differences between occidental and oriental cultures are adaptations of the same human clay to differing economic conditions. Since the opening and settlement of the New World, the West has been pressed in a new mould, leaving the East of to-day in a medieval cast. A third is that detailed studies of the evolutionary movements now in process in several eastern countries would throw very useful light upon the origins and nature of the competitive system which has characterized the modern economic history of the West. This volume fills the need for fuller understanding of India’s economic changes, especially those having to do with the growth of capitalistic enterprise, led the government of India to institute a remarkable series of investigations into several aspects of Indian life.