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There can be no products without processes. Though this statement may seem to be no more than an overused generalization, it encapsulates the undoubted importance of processes and process-oriented approaches in language teaching and learning. In foreign language education in recent decades, researchers and practitioners alike are increasingly focusing their attention on: 1) the learner as the active subject of learning and the internal processes that constitute his/her learning leading to the development of communicative competence; 2) teaching approaches, curricula and materials that reflect this view of language learning; and 3) other factors such as the sociocultural context, social interactions and discourse, and individual learner characteristics and differences. The theme of this book reflects this paradigm shift, and the papers included here from the disciplines of foreign language education and second language acquisition provide vital insights into processes in curriculum planning, teaching methodology, teacher education and professional development, language acquisition, language discourse, classroom instruction and interactions, the development of language skills and learning strategies, and language learning motivation.
Second language assessment is ubiquitous. It has found its way from education into questions about access to professions and migration. This volume focuses on the main debates and research advances in second language assessment in the last fifty years or so, showing the influence of linguistics, politics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and psychometrics. There are four parts which, when taken together, address the principles and practices of second language assessment while considering its impact on society. Read separately, each part addresses a different aspect of the field. Part I deals with the conceptual foundations of second language assessment with chapters on the purposes of assessment, and standards and frameworks, as well as matters of scoring, quality assurance, and test validation. Part II addresses the theory and practice of assessing different second language skills including aspects like intercultural competence and fluency. Part III examines the challenges and opportunities of second language assessment in a range of contexts. In addition to chapters on second language assessment on a national scale, there are chapters on learning-oriented assessment, as well as the uses of second language assessment in the workplace and for migration. Part IV examines a selection of important issues in the field that deserve attention. These include the alignment of language examinations to external frameworks, the increasing use of technology to both deliver and score second language tests, the responsibilities associated with assessing test takers with special needs, the concept of 'voice' in second language assessment, and assessment literacy for teachers and other test and score users.
If language learning is self-initiated and self-regulated, can anyone become native-like in a new language, or are special gifts necessary?
This unique volume offers a comprehensive discussion of essential theoretical and methodological issues concerning the pivotal role of working memory in second language learning and processing. The collection opens with a foreword and introductory theoretical chapters written by leading figures in the field of cognitive psychology. Following these are three research sections containing chapters providing original data and innovative insights into the dynamic and complex relationships between working memory and specific areas of second language processing, instruction, performance and development. Each section concludes with a commentary which is written by a noted SLA researcher and which charts the course for future research. This book provides a fascinating collection of perspectives on the relationship between working memory and second language learning and will appeal to those interested in the integration of cognitive psychology with SLA research.
For teachers of English, connecting with non-native students can pose significant problems, but communication technologies may offer a viable solution. Cases on Communication Technology for Second Language Acquisition and Cultural Learning provides educators with valuable insight into methods and opportunities for using technology to teach students learning a foreign language. Theoretical and pragmatic cases illustrate teaching strategies and methodologies, hardware and software development, administrative concerns, and cross-cultural considerations with respect to effective educational technologies. Educators and students, as well as administrators and developers, will use this book to improve the effectiveness of second language curricula across a variety of intercultural perspectives.
For years, language teachers have increasingly been using technologies of all kinds, from computers to smartphones, to help their students learn. Current trends in TELTL (technology-enhanced language teaching and learning), such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, augmented reality, gamification, and social networking, appear to represent major shifts in the digital language learning landscape. However, various applications of technology to mediate language learning may be informed by reflecting not only on the present but perhaps more importantly on relevant insights from past research and practice. Emerging Concepts in Technology-Enhanced Language Teaching and Learning explores the recent development of the new technologies for language teaching and learning to gain insights into and synergy of the theories, pedagogies, technological design, and evaluation of TELTL environments for comprehending the trends and strategies of the new digital era as well as investigate the possibility of future TELTL research direction. The book includes trends shaped by contemporary issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Covering topics such as digital education tools, L2 learnings, and sentiment analysis, this book serves as an essential resource for researchers, language teachers, educational software developers, administrators, IT consultants, technologists, professors, pre-service teachers, academicians, and students.
How do students acquire a second language? How can teachers most effectively teach a second language? How do students and teachers develop communication in the language classroom? This textbook is written specifically for a language teacher education programme. It provides teachers with the opportunity to move away from a belief-based teaching approach to a fact-based teaching approach in order to connect knowledge and evidence with innovation. Alessandro G. Benati structures this book around ten key questions that have driven the field of second language learning and language teaching. This provides readers with a clear understanding of: · the relationship between theory and research in second language acquisition and language teaching · the nature and role of language and communication · the results and implications of classroom-based research Pedagogical features in each of the ten units include: call-out boxes highlighting main ideas, further clarification sections to explain key terms, tasks and quizzes at the end of each unit to consolidate learning, and a teacher education evaluation form at the end for readers to reflect on the programme.
This monograph mainly focuses on the idea that language teaching in higher education involves making use of new approaches and technology. It identifies the key determinants of the materials needed to improve language teaching on the basis of the actual experimental research included in the respective contributions. Thanks to its unique perspective, the book offers a distinctive approach to addressing empirical research on second language teaching, translator training and technology. As universities are some of the best arenas for analyzing teaching techniques for various subjects, higher education teachers can use this book to thoroughly prepare for the application of pilot studies and learn more about students' responses to new teaching and translation techniques. An enlightening guide for scholars and students with an academic interest in acquiring the basic principles of language teaching and translation, this book mainly provides actual cases in which the implementation of technology was useful to second language teachers and translation trainers. As the authors are experienced scholars, readers will not only come to understand how to use new teaching strategies, but also discover that the proposals described in each chapter can be useful to any level of second language training for teachers and translators.
This title explores technology use for second language learners, focussing on sociocognitive development, media awareness, second language acquisition strategies and interpersonal interactions. Topics include: instructional media and teachnology and language learning; The Media as a Second Language; principled uses of media and technologies; the aural -- talking about, around and through audio technologies; video -- the What, the Why, the How; computers in language learning -- from Constructed to Constructing; computer communication tools; multimedia spaces, performances, and characters; electronic literacy as a Second Language.