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This is the first volume of a two volume set which presents the results of the 31st International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW31), held in Nagoya, Japan in 2017. It was organized with support from the International Shock Wave Institute (ISWI), Shock Wave Research Society of Japan, School of Engineering of Nagoya University, and other societies, organizations, governments and industry. The ISSW31 focused on the following areas: Blast waves, chemical reacting flows, chemical kinetics, detonation and combustion, ignition, facilities, diagnostics, flow visualization, spectroscopy, numerical methods, shock waves in rarefied flows, shock waves in dense gases, shock waves in liquids, shock waves in solids, impact and compaction, supersonic jet, multiphase flow, plasmas, magnetohyrdrodynamics, propulsion, shock waves in internal flows, pseudo-shock wave and shock train, nozzle flow, re-entry gasdynamics, shock waves in space, Richtmyer-Meshkov instability, shock/boundary layer interaction, shock/vortex interaction, shock wave reflection/interaction, shock wave interaction with dusty media, shock wave interaction with granular media, shock wave interaction with porous media, shock wave interaction with obstacles, supersonic and hypersonic flows, sonic boom, shock wave focusing, safety against shock loading, shock waves for material processing, shock-like phenomena, and shock wave education. These proceedings contain the papers presented at the symposium and serve as a reference for the participants of the ISSW 31 and individuals interested in these fields.
Laser wave mixing is presented as a sensitive absorbance-based detection method for very low activity levels of protease enzymes. Trypsin and proteinase K enzyme activities are analyzed using casein protein covalently labeled with multiple fluorescent BODIPY dye molecules. A preliminary detection limit for trypsin is determined to be 6.34 × 10−14 M or 1.51 pg/mL. For anisotropy studies, wave mixing and fluorescence trends have inverse relationships at the onset of catalysis. Wave mixing is also investigated as a new optical method for the measurement of FRET. The relationship between the wave-mixing signal and FRET is verified using the acceptor/donor pair malachite green and erythrosin B. Resonance energy transfer between a fluorophore and a quencher molecule bound to complimentary oligonucleotide strands is studied to calculate the dye-to-dye distance on a 31-bp curved DNA fragment. The result suggests that there is a direct measurable relationship between the efficiency of resonance energy transfer and the wave-mixing signal. For the first time, wave mixing is applied to the measurement of analyte species in the inductively coupled plasma atomizer. The use of counter-propagating input beams yields sub-Doppler spectral resolution. Nonlinear optical coherence theory is used to predict and study the intensity and hyperfine profiles of atomic populations in the plasma torch. Wavelength modulation and ion line detection in the ICP are investigated for S/N enhancement. Laser wave mixing is also presented as an effective technique for kinetic temperature measurement in an atmospheric-pressure RF inductively coupled plasma using the 4s3P2 2!4p3D33 argon transition probed by a tunable 811.5-nm diode laser. Kinetic temperature measurements are made at five radial steps from the center of the torch and at four different torch heights. The kinetic temperature is determined by simultaneously measuring the line shapes of the sub-Doppler backward phase-conjugate wave-mixing signal and the Doppler-broadened forward-scattering wave-mixing signal.
This volume is the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Fluid Mechanics (ICFM-V), the primary forum for the presentation of technological advances and research results in the fields of theoretical, experimental, and computational Fluid Mechanics. Topics include: flow instability and turbulence, aerodynamics and gas dynamics, industrial and environmental fluid mechanics, biofluid mechanics, geophysical fluid mechanics, plasma and magneto-hydrodynamics, and others.