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This booklet considers the problems of urban unemployment and presents 21 case studies of urban areas dealing with the problem. The first chapter defines urban unemployment and classifies barriers to employment, trends in unemployment, and types of unemployed persons. Chapter 2 describes some general principles necessary to successfully combat the problem on the local level. There are two major considerations which make a program successful: (1) differentiating the groups needing help, i.e., disadvantaged youth, hard to employ adults, and dislocated workers; and within these groups identifying the problem specific to where they live and work; and (2) specifically tailoring the programs to meet the needs identified above. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 present the case studies, subdivided according to the particular group served (disadvantaged youth, hard to employ adults, dislocated workers). Each case study is presented in a summarized form and a contact person is listed at the end of each. The sources of initiative for the variety of programs surveyed include local elected officials (responsible for nine of the 21), private industry (responsible for six), community based organizations (responsible for five), and foundations (responsible for one). (CG)
USA. Monograph examining the labour markets of thirty urban areas in order to analyse the causes of unemployment, with particular reference to slum areas - discusses economic factors (incl. The industrial structure of urban markets, labour supply, wage rates, etc.), structural factors (incl. In respect of education, health, welfare, discrimination, etc.), youth and Black unemployment problems, employment policy, etc. References and statistical tables.
Originally published in 1998, Neighbourhood Jobs, Race, and Skills argues that race is a powerful and persistent barrier to employment. Analysing existing literature, this book outlines how racial discrimination in hiring against African Americans appears to remain a contributor to high unemployment rates in black neighbourhoods. The book also discusses how issues such as poor schools and physical and social isolation compound employment problems, as well as changes in policy on skill requirements and the location of jobs. The book argues that combined, this is a major contributor to concentrated urban employment and poverty.
While the problems facing our cities increase in number and magnitude, there are few coordinated mechanisms in place for effecting change. In an effort to bridge existing gaps in communication and information, Burton A. Weisbrod and James C. Worthy, in conjunction with Northwestern University's Center for Urban Affairs and Policy Research, organized a conference to address these issues. The Urban Crisis collects the papers from this conference, opening a dialogue between academicians and practitioners and offering a blueprint for improving both the process and the substance of policy.
An analysis is presented of the dimensions and characteristics of urban unemployment in Colombia. About 10 percent to 16 percent of the labor force in the larger cities are unemployed, and unemployment is increasing. It is four to six times greater than it was 15 years ago. The unemployment rate is likely to double within the next 6 to 7 years if Colombia's future rate of growth of output is the same as its historic rate. The urban unemployed are younger than the employed and less educated; however, the relationship between unemployment and education is weak. There is no evidence to suggest that the rising unemployment rate is the result of a large increase in the number of unemployed migrants who have come from the countryside to the cities. Two important conclusions emerge from the study: (1) The urban unemployment problem is sufficiently important to warrant increased effort in the collection of data concerning its magnitude. (2) Urban unemployment is a more serious problem today than it was 3 years ago, and, unless there is a sharp change in the rate and pattern of growth of total output, it will become an even more pressing economic problem in the near future. (Author).