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In order to achieve economic efficiency, research organizations have established rigorous, quantitative methods for priority setting. One such organization, the Rockefeller Foundation, has drawn on this report to help determine the research goals it should emphasize in its funding. A review of the problem of priority setting is presented followed by a discussion of approaches that have been used previously. Several chapters demonstrate how a number of areas of plant science research have contributed to gains in rice productivity and also assess the current challenges of genetic improvement and pest control. The economic framework for priority setting and previous methods are reviewed, followed by a series of country case studies which provide more practical applications.
Rice represents a unique opportunity for improvement through genetic engineering. This new book provides a detailed review of past and present developments in the genetic engineering of rice, as well as an informed examination of current genetic engineering material and methods.
Plenary session papers; I: Varietal differentiation and evolution; II: Genetics of morphological and physiological traits; III: Genetics of disease resistance; IV: Cytogenetics; V: Tissue and cell culture; VI: Molecular mapping of genes; VII: Map-based gene cloning; VIII: Molecular genetics of cytoplasmic male sterility; IX: Transformation; X: Gene isolation, characterization, and expression; XI: Genetic diversity in pathogen populations; XII: Rice research priorities.
The Rice Genetics Collection of past symposia and other selected literature contains nearly 4,400 pages of searchable information on rice genetics and cytogenetics published by the IRRI and its partners since 1964. In addition to the five genetics symposia held at 5-year intervals since 1985, the collection contains classic publications that kicked off significant reporting on these subjects in the early 1960s. This collection is a comprehensive and historical documentation on the subject of rice genetics, spanning 45 years of research and scholarly work.Held in 2000 and published the following year, Rice Genetics IV contains 31 chapters from various contributors on topics dealing with rice genetic research, including molecular markers, genetic diversity, and evolution; structural and functional genomics; gene isolation and function; and transformation.
Geneticists contribute on a wide range of topics in this book, from classical genetics to the most advanced research on sequencing of the rice genome and functional genomics. They review advances in rice research and discuss molecular markers, genome organization and gene isolation.
So often new phytopathogens emerge and appear primarily in acute form and then take a chronic form; such populations, however, in general have a limited appearance because of the lack of suitable environmental conditions. The emergence of new pathogens needs to be explored in the light of their evolutionary adaptation. This new volume focuses on the study of quantitative aspects of host-phytopathogen linkages that result in the emergence of aggressive phytopathogens. The book examines the evolution and adaptation of phytopathogens from several cropping systems.
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe grisea, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide and destroys enough rice to feed more than 60 million people annually. Due to high variability of the fungal population in the field, frequent loss of resistance of newly-released rice cultivars is a major restraint in sustainable rice production. In the last few years, significant progress has been made in understanding the defense mechanism of rice and pathogenicity of the fungus. The rice blast system has become a model pathosystem for understanding the molecular basis of plant-fungal interactions due to the availability of both genomes of rice and M. grisea and a large collection of genetic resources. This book provides a complete review of the recent progress and achievements on genetic, genomic and disease control of the disease. Most of the chapters were presented at the 4th International Rice Blast Conference held on October 9-14, 2007 in Changsha, China. This book is a valuable reference not only for plant pathologists and breeders working on rice blast but also for those working on other pathysystems in crop plants.
Pathogen biology. Cell biology of pathogenesis. Signalling systems and gene expression regulating appressorium formation in magnaporthe grisea. Genetic regulation of sporulation in the rice blast fungus. Genetic interactions in magnaporthe grisea that affect cultivar specific avirulence/virulence on rice. Genomic structure and variability in pyricularia grisea. Molecular genetic approach to the study of cultivar specificity in the rice blast fungus. Avirulence genes and mechanisms of genetic instability in the rice blast fungus. Host plant resistance. International collaboration on breeding for resistance to rice blast. Present knowledge of rice resistance genetics and strategies for magnaporthe grisea pathogenicity and avirulence gene analysis. Mapping of blast resistance genes in rice. Molecular genetic analysis fo the rice bacterial blight resistance locus, Xa21. Current status for gene transfer into rice utilizing variety-independent delivery systems. Pathogen population dynamics and utilization of host plant resistance. Virulencecharacteristics of genetic families of pyricularia grisea in Colombia. Race-specific and rate-reducing resistance to rice blast in US rice cultivars. A strategy for accumulating genes for partial resistance to blast disease in rice within a conventional breeding program. Lineage exclusion: a proposal for linking blast population analysis to resistance breeding. Use of host genetic diversity to control cereal diseases: implications for rice blast. Figs, wasps, nematodes and sitting ducks: rice blast, from the outside looking in. Epidemiology, loss assessment, and management. The economic impact of rice blast disease in China. Current rice blast epidemics and their management in Thailand. Rice blast in west Africa: its nature and control. Understanding and modeling leaf blast effects on crop physiology and yield. Methodology for quantifying rice yield effects of blast. The epidemiological basis for blast management. Using simulation models to explore better strategies for the management of blast disease in temperate rice pathosystems. Blast management in high input, high yield potential, temperate rice ecosystems. Practical approaches to rice blast management in tropical monsoon ecosystems, with special reference to Bangladesh. Rice breeding programs, blast epidemics and blast management in the United States. Strategies for the discovery of rice blast fungicides. Biological control of rice leaf blast. Farmers' perspectives. Crop-livestock interactions: implications for crop improvement in sustainable agriculture. Assessing indigenous and traditional knowledge in farming systems. Rice, reason, and resistance: a comparative study of farmers' vs. Scientists' perception and strategies.