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Lovett (Tulane Law School), Eckes (a former commissioner of the U.S. International Commission during the Reagan and Bush I administrations), and Brinkman (international economics, Portland State U.) evaluate the evolution of U.S. trade policy, focusing on the period from the establishment of the Gen
The author argues that a tax on imports commensurately creates a tax on exports, and that trade imbalances reflect capital flows between countries.
This book, Principles of International Trade: Import-Export, is intended for students studying international trade and for business people who want to engage in international trade. This book covers the basic concepts and procedures that are required for starting and completing international transactions. All businesses, regardless of whether they do only domestic business or not, are affected by international trade and business. Consumers encounter imported products at most retail stores, and domestic businesses are exposed to stiff foreign competition. As a consumer or as a businessperson, all of us need to understand international trade for our own benefits. The draft version of this book, annually or biannually revised, had been used as a textbook at California State University, Los Angeles, California (Cal State, Los Angeles), and Pacific States University, Los Angeles, California (PSU), for over ten years before this book was first published in 1993 with the help and encouragement of my family, friends, students, and colleagues at both campuses. This book consists of thirty-seven chapters, a bibliography, websites, indexes, and endnotes. The text is divided into two parts. The first part, chapters 1 through 27, covers matters for importing goods from overseas and common topics related to both importing and exporting. The second part, chapters 28 through 37, is devoted to topics for exporting overseas. This new edition includes the latest Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits No. 600 (2007 Revision) and Incoterms 2010 published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). Instructors teaching materials for international trade (import-export), such as PowerPoint slides and key points for examinations, are available at the authors website: http://www.internationaltraderesearch.com. The material and information in this text have been brought current as of June 1, 2017. Any errors or omissions exclusively belong to me. I would appreciate any comments, suggestions, or recommendations directed to me at my email address: [email protected] or fax 626-795-5196. Your comments, suggestions, or recommendations will be used in improving this book at the next publication.
Cohen, Blecker, and Whitney (professors of international relations and economics at American U.) see the formation of U.S. trade policy is seen as a combination of competing forces of political, economic, and legal factors. They attempt to show how trade policymaking involves reconciling a range of economic goal and political necessities. After reviewing the history of trade policymaking in the United States, they separately examine the three factors before integrating them into a model of political economy that explores both import and export policy. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
From American master Ward Just, returning to his trademark territory of "Forgetfulness "and "The Weather in Berlin," an evocative portrait of diplomacy and desire set against the backdrop of America's first lost war
Trade flows and trade policies need to be properly quantified to describe, compare, or follow the evolution of policies between sectors or countries or over time. This is essential to ensure that policy choices are made with an appropriate knowledge of the real conditions. This practical guide introduces the main techniques of trade and trade policy data analysis. It shows how to develop the main indexes used to analyze trade flows, tariff structures, and non-tariff measures. It presents the databases needed to construct these indexes as well as the challenges faced in collecting and processing these data, such as measurement errors or aggregation bias. Written by experts with practical experience in the field, A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis has been developed to contribute to enhance developing countries' capacity to analyze and implement trade policy. It offers a hands-on introduction on how to estimate the distributional effects of trade policies on welfare, in particular on inequality and poverty. The guide is aimed at government experts engaged in trade negotiations, as well as students and researchers involved in trade-related study or research. An accompanying DVD contains data sets and program command files required for the exercises. Copublished by the WTO and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development