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Seed is the source of future plants or foods, is the storage place of culture of history, is the first link in the food chain, is the ultimate symbol of food security. Seed is the source of life. Seeds are basic in crop production. No agricultural practice can improve a crop beyond the limits set by the seed. Quality seed is the key for successful agriculture, which demands each and every seed should be readily germinable and produce a vigorous seedling ensuring high yield. “Care with the seed and joy with the harvest” and “Good seed doesn’t cost it always pays” are the popular adage which enlightens the importance of the quality seed. The farmers always very much interested in the best seed management practices which are safe, environmentally sound and scientifically proven technologies. Understandably, in view of the importance of quality seeds in Agriculture, both as a product and as a means of establishing a crop, most attention at all levels of investigation has been directed to crop seeds. Since seed is a biological entity, deterioration beyond harvest is inevitable. The consequences of low quality seeds are poor germination, low and delayed emergence and weak growth leading to poor field stand and ultimately reflecting on reduced yield. Low productivity could be attributed broadly to use of poor quality seeds. At present to overcome this, several seed enhancement techniques are available for quality upgradation. It has two goals; one is related to seed designing and other to seed functioning. The rationale for pre-sowing seed enhancement techniques is to mobilize the seeds own resources and to augment them with external resources to get maximum improvement in field stand establishment and yield. To achieve this, several physical, physiological and biochemical treatments are available at present to give value addition to seeds. Physiological seed treatments that improve seed performance are based primarily on seed hydration and dehydration. Among several non physiological seed treatments, coating or pelleting can also indirectly improve seed germination, stand establishment and crop productivity.
Grounduction; Groundnut plant and seed; Classes of seed; Seed certification standards; Monitoring and inspection; Important considerations in cultural management of a seed; Production crop of groundnut; Seed systems in India.
To know the extent of energy being wasted it is essential to know the amount of energy being consumed. The first step of any energy conservation programme in industry is the continuous monitoring energy of utilization, relating to the production and then improving energy efficiency which can be improved by three different approaches as follow:  Energy savings by management  Energy saving by technologies  Energy saving by policies/regulations
Plant Quarantine deals with alien pests which could became serious threat to our agricultural, horticultural and forest plants. Brief introduction of alien pests such as bacteria, fungi, insects, nematodes, plant viruses, etc. is given in the preliminary chapters. Risk factors involved in these pests are analyzed. Various methods available to detect these pests from imported plants and plants material and their elimination procedures are discussed. The role of legislation containing the alien pests and efforts made by governments in implementing the legislative measures are described. The global approach to prevent the spread of pests across international borders and obligation of governments are brought out. The functioning of Plant Quarantine system in India and further strengthening the system are suggested. Whenever necessary, relevant illustration are provided. The, text, tables and illustrations could be a good reference sources not only for persons engaged in Plant Quarantine organizations but also for the users of plant quarantine services. This book could also be useful in organizing training programs and could serve as a teaching aid.
This book is elaborately describes about the basic principles and need of organic farming, importance of bio diversity, steps involved in organic conversion, list of permitted and prohibited substances in organic farming, organic certifying agencies in India, certification process and economics of organic cultivation in different crops.
Groundnuts (peanuts) are of great economic importance internationally. This book provides thorough coverage of all aspects of the crop, each chapter being written by experts in particular areas. The book will be invaluable to all those involved with the group, particularly agronomists, plant scientists and food scientists.
The book offers a rich toolkit of relevant, adoptable ecosystem-based practices that can help the world's 500 million smallholder farm families achieve higher productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency while enhancing natural capital.
Forward. A call for integrated soil fertility management in Africa. Introduction. ISFM and the African farmer. Part I. The principles of ISFM: ISFM as a strategic goal, Fertilizer management within ISFM, Agro-minerals in ISFM, Organic resource management, ISFM, soil biota and soil health. Part II. ISFM practices: ISFM products and fields practices, ISFM practice in drylands, ISFM practice in savannas and woodlands, ISFM practice in the humid forest zone, Conservation Agriculture. Part III. The process of implementing ISFM: soil fertility diagnosis, soil fertility management advice, Dissemination of ISFM technologies, Designing an ISFM adoption project, ISFM at farm and landscape scales. Part IV. The social dimensions of ISFM: The role of ISFM in gender empowerment, ISFM and household nutrition, Capacity building in ISFM, ISFM in the policy arena, Marketing support for ISFM, Advancing ISFM in Africa. Appendices: Mineral nutrient contents of some common organic resources.