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Christian Munthe undertakes an innovative, in-depth philosophical analysis of what the idea of a precautionary principle is and should be about. A novel theory of the ethics of imposing risks is developed and used as a foundation for defending the idea of precaution in environmental and technological policy making against its critics, while at the same time avoiding a number of identified flaws. The theory is shown to have far-reaching practical conclusions for areas such as bio-, information- and nuclear technology, and global environmental policy in areas such as climate change. The author argues that, while the price we pay for precaution must not be too high, we have to be prepared to pay it in order to act ethically defensible. A number of practical suggestions for precautionary regulation and policy making are made on the basis of this, and some challenges to basic ethical theory as well as consumerist societies, the global political order and liberal democracy are identified. Munthe’s book is a well-argued contribution to the PP debate, putting neglected justificatory and methodological questions at the forefront. His many discussions of alternative accounts as well as his drawing out the consequences of his own suggestion in practical cases give the reader a thorough, holistic sense of what justification of PP amounts to. /..../ Munthe’s main case, his argumentation for the requirement of precaution as a moral norm, is convincing and puts a strong pressure on too narrow alternative suggestions on how it should be perceived and justified, and he launches a plausible defence of its practical usability.
Le principe de précaution est de plus en plus invoqué dans les affaires touchant à l'environnement, à l'alimentation, à la santé. Que recouvre-t-il dans la pratique? Quels sont ses contours juridiques? Quelles sont les implications judiciaires de son utilisation? Dans ce rapport commandé par le Premier ministre, Philippe Kourilsky et Geneviéve Viney explorent le contenu du principe de précaution, tout en soulignant que, selon l'usage qui en sera fait, il peut aboutir au meilleur comme au pire. Philippe Kourilsky est professeur au Collége de France, directeur général de l'Institut Pasteur et membre de l'Académie des sciences. Geneviéve Viney est professeur de droit civil et dirige le centre de recherche en droit privé à l'université Paris-I.
The 'Precautionary Principle' has sparked the central controversy over European and U.S. risk regulation. The Reality of Precaution is the most comprehensive study to go beyond precaution as an abstract principle and test its reality in practice. This groundbreaking resource combines detailed case studies of a wide array of risks to health, safety, environment and security; a broad quantitative analysis; and cross-cutting chapters on politics, law, and perceptions. The authors rebut the rhetoric of conflicting European and American approaches to risk, and show that the reality has been the selective application of precaution to particular risks on both sides of the Atlantic, as well as a constructive exchange of policy ideas toward 'better regulation.' The book offers a new view of precaution, regulatory reform, comparative analysis, and transatlantic relations.
First Published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
This challenging book takes a broad and thought-provoking look at the precautionary principle and its implementation, or potential implementation, in a number of fields. In particular, the essays within the book explore the challenges faced by public decision-making processes when applying the precautionary principle, including its role in risk management and risk assessment. Frameworks for improved decision making are considered, followed by a detailed analysis of prospective applications of the precautionary principle in a number of emerging fields including: nanotechnology, climate change.
Largement invoqué dans les affaires récentes qui mobilisent les médias, le principe de précaution suppose un contrôle a priori par l'administration. C'est la recherche du risque zéro et l'émergence d'un Etat de précaution qui se construit d'abord dans sa dimension internationale et favorise l'apparition d'une communauté internationale du risque.
Tackles the key controversies surrounding the precautionary principle and develops a new framework for risk management.
The law of international responsibility is one of international law's core foundational topics. Written by international experts, this book provides an overview of the modern law of international responsibility, both as it applies to states and to international organizations, with a focus on the ILC's work.