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IFC Discussion Paper No. 39.During the period 1980-95, the level of activity increased dramatically for funds raised domestically via issues of debt and equity securities in public capital markets in 32 countries. There were also substantial differences in the level of activity across markets and countries. This paper examines aggregate domestic primary capital market activity in a cross section of countries, including 24 emerging markets. It defines exactly how important a role financial markets have played in raising capital for investment.In this pioneering work, the authors compile aggregate data on primary market activity for a recent period of time, which allows them to quantify the size of the markets and how they have evolved over time. Through their analysis, the authors document the rapidly increasing importance of primary capital markets in many developing countries, where, relative to GDP, these markets now source as much private capital as their developed country counterpart.
Primary capital markets involve the exchange of cash for claims against the issuers, either in the form of equity or debt, or some other derivative instrument. These markets are of great importance to both investors and issuers, especially in emerging markets where capital is scarce relative to investment needs. Yet, because of the lack of data on primary markets previous research has largely focused on secondary markets where pre-existing securities trade. This paper extends our knowledge of primary markets in two ways. First, we use new data on primary market activity for both developed and emerging markets to provide a quot;macroquot; overview of the role played by these markets. Second, we provide an in-depth, quot;microquot; examination of the institutional factors affecting emerging primary markets in Peru. The combined micro- and macro-views yield new perspectives on primary markets. In particular, these markets are complex and involve many market-specific aspects that are not readily apparent. These include, among others, the legal and regulatory framework, the nature of the institutional investor community, the tax regime, and the competitiveness of the investment-banking network. Recognition of these factors is critical to understanding the functioning of these markets and the role they perform in capital formation. The analysis suggests several important policy implications.
Introduction to Business covers the scope and sequence of most introductory business courses. The book provides detailed explanations in the context of core themes such as customer satisfaction, ethics, entrepreneurship, global business, and managing change. Introduction to Business includes hundreds of current business examples from a range of industries and geographic locations, which feature a variety of individuals. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of business concepts, with attention to the knowledge and skills necessary for student success in this course and beyond.
Underwriting Services and the New Issues Market integrates practice, theory and evidence from the global underwriting industry to present a comprehensive description and analysis of underwriting practices. After covering the regulation and mechanics of the underwriting process, it considers economic topics such as underwriting costs and compensation, the pricing of new issues, the stock price and operating performance of issuing firms, the evaluation of new issue decisions, and an analysis of the many choices issuers face in structuring new issues. Unlike other books, it systematically develops a critical perspective about underwriting practices, both in the U.S. and international markets, and with a level of detail unavailable elsewhere and an approach that reveals how financial institutions deliver underwriting services. Underwriting Services and the New Issues Market delivers an innovative and long overdue look at security issuance. Foreword by Frank Fabozzi Covers underwriting contracts and arrangements on pricing and costs Focuses on the financial consequences of the issuance decision for the firm Describes and evaluates decisions regarding the features and structure of new security offerings.
Capital Markets Handbook, Sixth Edition is the definitive desk reference for capital market professionals and a complete resource for anyone working in the financial markets field. Written by seasoned professionals in association with the SIA, Capital Markets Handbook covers the latest developments in major securities legislation, and all aspects of documentation, underwriting, pricing, distribution, settlement, immediate aftermarket trading of new issues, compliance issues, a glossary, a bibliography, and appendices containing the full text of the primary statutes and regulations. The Sixth Edition includes coverage of new developments, including compliance issues such as: New amendments to NASD Rule 2710 ("The Corporate Financing Rule") governing underwriting compensation Updates on PIPE and Registered Direct Transactions Amendments to Rule 10b-18 governing corporate repurchase of equity securities Online Dutch auction procedures in use for the Google, Inc. IPO United Kingdom Financial Service Authority guidance on conflict of interest regarding pricing and allocation issues which have been adopted by one major U.S. investment bank Amendments to Rule 105 Regulation M concerning short selling in connection with public offerings Currency conversion in settlement of a global offering NASD Rule 2790-Restriction on the Purchase and Sale of IPO equity securities NASD IPO Distribution Manager procedures for filing with NASD Corporate Financing Proposed NASD Rule 2712 concerning allocation and distribution of shares in an initial public offering A reorganized compliance chapter in a checklist format designed to ease and enhance CEO and CFO Compliance Certification required by a proposed amendment to NASD Rule 3010 (Supervision) and the adoption of Interpretive Material 3010-1 And more
This book explains how U.S. securities markets became central to the institutional fabric of U.S. capitalism. It claims that the U.S. securities markets took a particular, even peculiar, form that reflected the distinctive trajectory of economic development that the United States experienced from the Civil War through World War 1.
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1.0, University of Sunderland, language: English, abstract: The role and importance of capital markets and EMH Crisp plc has to attract investments from capital markets. A capital market is simply any market where a government or a company (usually a corporation) can raise money (capital) to fund their operations and long term (periods longer than a year) investment.[1] Usual, short-term funds can be founded on other markets (e.g., the money market). The capital market consists of the stock market (equity securities) and the bond market (debt). Bonds and stocks are two ways to generate capital of any company. New issues of bonds and stocks are placed on primary capital markets by way of underwriting among investors. All money, received during underwriting, goes to company (Crisp plc) for its investment purposes. And placed bonds and stocks are sold and bought among other investors or traders in the secondary capital markets (a securities exchange, over-the-counter, or elsewhere). The prices of securities (both bonds and stocks) on secondary markets are reflected «real» price of company. It is good benchmark for primary placements of additional issues of bonds and/or stocks (further extension of the company). Crisp plc is going to issue bond or stocks. It means that it attract money from primary markets. Here very important thing is true price of bonds and/or stocks of Crisp plc, i.e. price has to be interesting for investors and allows to attract maximum of money. As stated above, prices of securities on secondary markets are reflected «real» price of company from point of view of investors. Here the efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) plays very important role, because it is the tool of securities pricing of off-site investors (which are outside of the company). According to the efficient-market hypothesis (EMH), which was developed by Professor Eugene Fama, financial markets are «informationally efficient».[2] It means that prices on traded assets are «real» and already reflect all known information. Prices change to reflect new information (for example, new investment program of the company). Consequently, it is impossible to consistently outperform the market by using any information that the market already knows. Information or news in the EMH is defined as anything that may affect prices that is unknowable in the present and thus appears randomly in the future.
An excellent book for commerce students appearing in competitive, professional and other examinations. 1. An Overview of Financial Markets in India, 2. Indian Money Market, 3. Capital Market, 4. New Issue (Primary) Market, 5. Intermediaries of New Issue Market, 6. Secondary (Stock) Market, 7. Stock Exchanges of India, 8. Functionaries on Stock Exchanges, 9. Financial Services, 10. Merchant Banking, 11. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), 12. Credit Rating, 13. Investors' Protection.