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This paper uses panel data on the salaries and benefits of liberal arts college presidents during the period 2001-02 to 2003-04 to understand what presidents are rewarded for. We try and develop a basic framework in which to understand the president's role in the institution, and attempt to explain what some claim is a combination of high wages and relatively weak pay for performance. The rising income inequality in America has been the subject of much heated debate in the recent past. 'Excessive' executive pay has been a recurrent theme during 2007 so far, with the Senate gearing up to address this imbalance by trying to pass measures such as limiting income tax deductions companies can claim for executives leaving the firm during the year. President Bush also singled out record levels of executive compensation as a major issue in his 'State of the Economy' speech in January. A similar story emerges when we examine the executive compensation at universities and colleges across America. While the paychecks that executives in higher education receive are not as stunning as those in the corporate world, they are hefty in their own right, especially when compared with the salaries that faculty at their institutes command. This rise in pay has been especially great in public institutions, with the number of presidents making half a million dollars or more almost doubling between 2003-04 and 2004-05. Moreover, schools with smaller budgets or less willingness to pay often lose their presidents to other universities that pay significantly more; the case in point being three major state universities in Iowa that between them have lost 8 presidents in the last 18 years to institutions that paid significantly more.
Zimpher, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Koch and Fisher have updated and expanded the latter's highly respected 1984 book, Power of the Presidency. In Presidential Leadership, the authors explore the transformational style of leadership in greater depth. This theory is based on a strong, charismatic university president who leads and transforms the university through the power of his or her own vision for the future. The provocative arguments offered throughout the book are based both on empirical studies and on the authors' personal experiences as university presidents. Chapters on total quality management, presidential spouses, and fund raising are new to this edition, as are 11 appendixes offering sample materials for conducting presidential searches.
Consists of a survey of compensation for college presidents.
This dissertation examined the controversy surrounding the high levels of compensation paid to university presidents. To do this, the first half of this dissertation includes a systematic review of the existing literature regarding the relation between university performance and university president compensation in nonprofit universities. The second half of this dissertation attempts to replicate the findings from the systematic review with more current data. Several gaps identified in the literature, including the effects of analyzing specific compensation components, the effect of university president compensation on subsequent university performance, potential nonlinear relations, and how relations between university performance and university president compensation change over time, are examined as well. Specific hypotheses and research questions are derived from compensation and motivation theories used in the for-profit context as well as findings from both the for-profit and nonprofit executive compensation literature. Results indicated that university performance had a weak effect on compensation in private universities and no effect in public universities. Findings suggested that there may be differences in this effect depending on the component of compensation examined. Compensation appears to have a negative or nil effect on subsequent university performance. Evidence of differential effects over time were not observed. Although some nonlinear effects were detected, they did not take the form expected. Potential reasons for these findings, as well as their implications for research and practice, are discussed.
I examine whether compensation of the university president is a function of university type (i.e., top, research, master's, bachelor's/specialized). Using a panel dataset containing 761 private universities in the United States, I find that (i) the president's pay is linked to the university's performance in the previous period and (ii) the pattern of pay for performance varies across universities of different types. Specifically, top universities' presidents are incentivized to enhance research activities and private contributions; research universities' presidents are incentivized to increase tuition revenue but not enrollment; master's and bachelor's/specialized universities' presidents are incentivized to increase tuition revenue and expand enrollment. I do not find evidence that presidents' pay is linked to relative performance evaluation, measured by the institution's US News & World Report ranking. I obtain these results after using a university-president pair fixed effects model that controls for unobservable university and president characteristics.