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Prejudiced communication is everywhere. Sexist jokes are transmitted over the Internet, coworkers tell outrageous stories about cross-cultural interactions, and children observe their parents' disgusted facial expressions as a target of prejudice passes along the street. What functions do these forms of communication serve for individuals, groups, and entire cultures? How do they contribute to the perpetuation of discrimination and status differences based on race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or other stigmatized attributes? And what can be done to reduce prejudiced communication and mitigate its harmful effects? This volume provides a comprehensive examination of these and other questions of critical importance for today's society. Bringing together current theory, empirical research, and real-life examples, it is essential reading for scholars and students in a range of disciplines. The book first defines key terms and introduces several functions served by prejudiced communication, including the protection of established social hierarchies and the maintenance of "cognitive shortcuts." It explores how language reflects categorizations of ingroups and outgroups, and how shared stereotypes are encoded and transmitted. Subsequent chapters address ways that prejudice is subtly or blatantly communicated in interpersonal interactions, including patronizing and controlling speech, discriminatory nonverbal behavior, and disdain for nonstandard accents or dialects. Next, the book examines the larger cultural context, discussing such topics as skewed portrayals in the news media, entertainment, and advertising; hostile humor; and continued legal tolerance of hate speech. Featured throughout are thought-provoking examples drawn from the classroom, the workplace, and other everyday situations. A concluding chapter summarizes major themes of the book and points toward empirical and theoretical gaps that invite further investigation. Grounded in a social psychological perspective, the book also incorporates ideas and findings from communication, sociology, and related fields. It is an informative resource for anyone interested in prejudice and stereotyping, and an indispensable text for advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses.
This informative Research Handbook brings together a unique combination of methodological, philosophical and theoretical perspectives to present a comprehensive overview of communication and prejudice research
Prejudice pervades our society in many guises, from pejorative remarks to acts of violence. Communicating Prejudice explores the many dimensions of prejudice. It presents a new and integrative conceptual model of prejudice, the layered perspective of cultural intolerance, and uses this model to analyze the communication of prejudice in a variety of spheres such as racism, sexism, homophobia, ageism, and classism. Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives, the first two chapters present the model and theoretical foundation for the book, and subsequent chapters deal with specific foci of prejudice, including personal prejudice and prejudice in relationships, organizations, and the media. Included is a series of personal narratives to illustrate specific types and instances of prejudice. This book will be useful as a supplementary text in upper-level undergraduate and graduate-level courses examining issues of race, gender, and ethnicity.
A conceptual model of prejudice - the layered perspective of cultural intolerance - is used to analyse in depth the communication of prejudice in a variety of spheres such as racism, sexism, homophobia, ageism and classism.
This fourth edition builds on the strengths of the previous editions and provides state-of-the-art knowledge about intergroup communication. It brings a strong skills-oriented approach to improving communication effectiveness between people from different groups (cultures, ethnic groups, social classes).
Are Americans less prejudiced now than they were thirty years ago, or has racism simply gone "underground"? Is racism something we learn as children, or is it a result of certain social groups striving to maintain their privileged positions in society? In Racialized Politics, political scientists, sociologists, and psychologists explore the current debate surrounding the sources of racism in America. Published here for the first time, the essays represent three major approaches to the topic. The social psychological approach maintains that prejudice socialized early in life feeds racial stereotypes, while the social structural viewpoint argues that behavior is shaped by whites' fear of losing their privileged status. The third perspective looks to non-racially inspired ideology, including attitudes about the size and role of government, as the reason for opposition to policies such as affirmative action. Timely and important, this collection provides a state-of-the-field assessment of the current issues and findings on the role of racism in mass politics and public opinion. Contributors are Lawrence Bobo, Gretchen C. Crosby, Michael C. Dawson, Christopher Federico, P. J. Henry, John J. Hetts, Jennifer L. Hochschild, William G. Howell, Michael Hughes, Donald R. Kinder, Rick Kosterman, Tali Mendelberg, Thomas F. Pettigrew, Howard Schuman, David O. Sears, James Sidanius, Pam Singh, Paul M. Sniderman, Marylee C. Taylor, and Steven A. Tuch.
Business Communication: Made Simple, Second Edition covers business needs and the examination requirements of professional and other examining bodies relating to commerce and industry. The book starts by giving an introduction to the study of communication. The text also discusses some of the main factors that interfere with common understanding between the communicators and inhibit cooperation; the importance of effective communication; the role played by perception, attitude, and motivation in communication; and the need for previous experience or knowledge. The influence of prejudice on the presentation of facts and opinions; the three principal methods of communication; and the factors involved in creating an effective system of communication in an organization are also considered. The book tackles the lines of internal communication; the effects of authority and responsibility on communication; the various ways in which efficient external and internal communication is achieved; and the problem of staff location on communication. The text then describes the informal methods of communication; the importance of letter and report writing; the need for form design and control; as well as some aspects of written language. The importance of verbal communication and information technology are also discussed. Business executives and company and commercial accountants will find the volume invaluable.
`This book stands out for a number of reasons...the result is an authoritative, provocative and challenging collection, which will doubtless help to stimulate further debate in the field′ Susan Condor, Department of Psychology, Lancaster University `The authors are to be commended for assembling an unusually stimulating collection of chapters...the book is clearly distinguished by the breadth of its coverage and the theoretical insights it offers. It is a valuable addition to any collection on this topic′ Jack Dovidio, Department of Psychology, Colgate University `This is a comprehensive text that is extremely well written by top social psychologists, with all of the major theoretical perspectives represented. The editors should be commended for putting together this lively and engaging text′ Nyla Branscombe, Department of Psychology, University of Kansas A range of international events have recently focused attention on issues of prejudice, racism and social conflict: increasing tensions in former Eastern bloc countries, political conflict in Northern Ireland and the United States, as well as racial conflict in the Baltic States, Middle East, Africa, and Australasia. In light of these events, Understanding Prejudice, Racism and Social Conflict presents a timely and important update to the literature, and makes a fascinating textbook for all students who need to study the subject. A variety of theoretical and conceptual approaches are necessary to fully understand the themes of prejudice and racism. This textbook successfully presents these, uniquely, by examining how these themes manifest themselves at different levels - at the individual, interpersonal, intergroup and institutional levels. It aims to integrate the different approaches to understanding racism and prejudice and to suggest new ways to study these complex issues. This integrated, international focus should make it key reading for students in many countries. With contributions from world-leading figures, Understanding Prejudice, Racism and Social Conflict should prove to be an invaluable teaching resource, and an accessible volume for students in social psychology, as well as some neighbouring disciplines.
First Published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.