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A detailed stratigraphic/geotechnical analysis and three-year monitoring of six hydrostratigraphic scenarios among Lake Michigan shoreline bluffs has been conducted using cross-section balancing and limit equilibrium modeling techniques. Bluffs show no major displacements of glacial materials where perched ground water is absent. Bluffs containing perched water are stable if composed of sand, but unstable where sand and clay are interlayered. Shallow, planar slumps occur where the clay is mostly till, but slumping is more deep-seated and frequent where lacustrine silt/clay layers are present. Displacements are largely by simple shear and by fault-propagation folding. Comparative records of displacements, water table levels, atmospheric temperatures, precipitation, and wave heights shows that: (1) displacements are minimal in the summer and early fall, but accelerate in the late fall and remain rapid through early spring; (2) wave erosion is greatest in the late fall and spring, and nil during the winter; and (3) surface freezing and a rise of perched water levels occur together. Bluff degradation is caused largely of wave action in the fall, freezing of the bluff surface which raises pore pressures and reduces effective stress during the winter, and ground-water release during the early spring thaw.
Includes Recommendations for Analysis, Design Practice, Design Charts, Tables, and More Using a unified approach to address a medley of engineering and construction problems, Slope Stability Analysis and Stabilization: New Methods and Insight, Second Edition provides helpful practical advice and design resources for the practicing engineer. This text examines a range of current methods for the analysis and design of slopes, and details the limitations of both limit equilibrium and the finite element method in the assessment of the stability of a slope. It also introduces a variety of alternative approaches for overcoming numerical non-convergence and the location of critical failure surfaces in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases. What’s New in the Second Edition: This latest edition builds on the concepts of the first edition and covers the case studies involved in slope stability analysis in greater detail. The book adds a chapter on the procedures involved in performing limit equilibrium analysis, as well as a chapter on the design and construction practice in Hong Kong. It includes more examples and illustrations on the distinct element of slope, the relation between limit equilibrium and plasticity theory, the fundamental connections between slope stability analysis and the bearing capacity problem, as well as the stability of the three-dimensional slope under patch load conditions. Addresses new concepts in three-dimensional stability analysis, finite element analysis, and the extension of slope stability problems to lateral earth pressure problems Offers a unified approach to engineering and construction problems, including slope stability, bearing capacity, and earth pressure behind retaining structures Emphasizes how to translate the conceptual design conceived in the design office into physical implementation on site in a holistic way Discusses problems that were discovered during the development of associated computer programs This text assesses the fundamental assumptions and limitations of stability analysis methods and computer modelling, and benefits students taking an elective course on slope stability, as well as geotechnical engineering professionals specializing in slope stability
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