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This edited volume gathers together studies examining various aspects of physical culture in literature written in French from Europe and around the Francophone world. We define physical culture as the systematic care for and development of the physique, and interpret it to include not only sport in the modern sense, but also all the athletic activities that preceded it or relate to it, such as bodily forms of exercise, leisure, and artistic creation. Our essays pursue diverse interpretive approaches and focus on texts from a wide variety of periods (medieval to the present) and genres (short stories, novels, essays, poetry) in order to consider the fundamental-yet highly neglected-place of physical activities in literature and culture from the French-speaking world. Some of the questions the essays explore include: Does the genre sports literature exist in French, and if so, what are its characteristics? How do governments or other political entities mobilize sports literature? What role do narratives about sports-especially the creation of teams-play in the construction of national, regional and/or local identities? How is physical culture used in literary works for pedagogical or ideological purposes? To what extent do sports performances provide a metaphorical and figurative discourse for discussing literature and culture?
Afin de relever les nombreux défis liés à l'évolution rapide du sport, cette étude offre une vue d'ensemble des législations et moyens réglementaires utilisés par les pouvoirs publics et privés dans vingt pays européens. Le lecteur trouvera ici une évaluation des dernières réglementations, issues des organisations gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, de même que quelques exemples de bonnes pratiques courantes de gouvernance dans les sports.
New Dimensions of Sport in Modern Europe offers new perspectives on European sport history in the ‘long twentieth century’ designed to challenge and deconstruct what might be considered ‘traditional’ or more familiar Euro-centric conceptions and geographies of sport and leisure—especially those deriving from the leading hotbeds of European sport history. This anthology adds to the growing corpus of explorations of sport and leisure in late-modern European history from a variety of countries: France, Spain, Finland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Slovenia. With topics covering several different sports and ranging from sport during empire to mega-events, and sport literature to women’s sport attire, the insights provided by this new body of research demonstrate a greater understanding of the connections between sport and society in Europe throughout the long twentieth century. This book was originally published as a special issue of The International Journal of the History of Sport.
The current situation in sport reveals a large deficit concerning concepts for future developments and projects. Many traditional values, ethical standards and educational ideals are losing their significance - in particular for the young generation. In contrast, commercial media sport as well as international top sport stand to gain from the changing rating of sport in our society. On the other hand, matters of fitness, health and of general wellness are firmly grounded in the daily routine of the population. The gap in the development of sport is widening. What answers, concepts or problem-solving does a science, which deals with these topics, come up with? These are the guidelines of the "Club of Cologne", which is trying to suggest perspectives by means of active research and subsequent publications, to present models and strategies, and to enrich public discussion by offering approaches or solutions.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of sports law in Switzerland deals with the regulation of sports activity by both public authorities and private sports organizations. The growing internationalization of sports inevitably increases the weight of global regulation, yet each country maintains its own distinct regime of sports law and its own national and local sports organizations. Sports law at a national or organizational level thus gains a growing relevance in comparative law. The book describes and discusses both state-created rules and autonomous self-regulation regarding the variety of economic, social, commercial, cultural, and political aspects of sports activities. Self- regulation manifests itself in the form of by-laws, and encompasses organizational provisions, disciplinary rules, and rules of play. However, the trend towards more professionalism in sports and the growing economic, social and cultural relevance of sports have prompted an increasing reliance on legal rules adopted by public authorities. This form of regulation appears in a variety of legal areas, including criminal law, labour law, commercial law, tax law, competition law, and tort law, and may vary following a particular type or sector of sport. It is in this dual and overlapping context that such much-publicized aspects as doping, sponsoring and media, and responsibility for injuries are legally measured. This monograph fills a gap in the legal literature by giving academics, practitioners, sports organizations, and policymakers access to sports law at this specific level. Lawyers representing parties with interests in Switzerland will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of comparative sports law.
Environ 37% des citoyennes européennes déclarent pratiquer une activité sportive au moins une fois par semaine. Un taux très proche de celui des hommes (43%). Pourtant, seulement 7% des événements sportifs diffusés aujourd'hui à la télévision française concernent des compétitions féminines. Des chiffres qui interpellent et qui illustrent la sous-médiatisation globale du sport féminin. C'est ce constat qui a conduit le think tank Sport et Citoyenneté à réunir en 2010 un panel d'experts européens sur le thème de la médiatisation du sport féminin. Cet ouvrage est le résultat de ces trois années d'échanges. Il fournit plusieurs pistes de réflexion visant à améliorer l'exposition du sport féminin. Parmi elles, l'inscription de davantage de compétitions sportives féminines sur la liste des événements sportifs d'importance majeure se dégage. Un proposition qui renforcerait la diffusion en clair du sport féminin et qui pourrait ainsi inspirer les nouvelles générations. About 37% of European women admit they do not practise a sport at least once a week. It is very close to the men's percentage (43%), however, only 7% of broadcasted sport event on TV concern female competitions. This draws attention to and illustrates the general lack of media coverage of women's sport. This is why, in 2010, Sport and Citizenship decided to gather a panel of European experts on the media coverage of women's sport. This book is thus the outcome of three years of exchanges and brainstorming. It provides avenues for reflection aiming to improve women's sport exposure. Among them, it seems that adding more female competitions to the list of major sport events would be particularly pertinent. Indeed, this action would foster free-to-air broadcasting of women's sport and inspire the new generations
The year 2000's most significant international event was, almost certainly, neither political nor military, but scientific - the announcement, in June, that the human genome had been almost totally decoded. Future generations may well see this as a major turning point, opening the way to radical changes in diagnosis, prognosis, and medical treatment. Often compared with the space programme, this vast enterprise still generates misgivings: this new power, which human beings now have, to modify the genetic heritage of living creatures raises fundamentally new ethical questions - and society as a whole will have to find the answers. In fact, the accelerating pace of scientific and technical progress seems to be reviving atavistic anxieties, some rational, others less so. Recent public-health crises, including the mad cow disease' scare, which lasted into 2000, have fuelled these fears. The public's rejection of GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) - verging on a crusade in some countries - tells its own story. As regards conflict, 2000 saw the Middle East peace process grind to a halt, and the Intifada resume. In Europe, the situation in Kosovo and Chechnya, both the scenes of fighting in 1999, stayed precarious. Peace and democracy did score some successes, however, particularly in Europe: the centre-left's victory in Croatia, sweeping former President Tudjman's party off the scene, the democratic party's triumph in Bosnia, and the fall of the Milosevic regime in Serbia.