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Advanced technologies for airborne systems (automatic flight control, flight displays, navigation) and for ground ATC systems (digital communications, improved surveillance and tracking, automated decision-making) create the possibility of advanced ATC operations and procedures which can bring increased capacity for runway systems. A systematic analysis is carried out in this report to identify certain such advanced ATC operations, and then to evaluate the potential benefits accruing over time at typical US high-density airports (Denver and Boston). The study is divided into three parts: Part 1, "A Critical Examination of Factors Which Determine Operational Capacity of Runway Systems at Major Airports", is an intensive review of current US separation criteria and terminal area ATC operations. It identifies 11 new methods to increase the capacity of landings and takeoffs for runway systems; Part 2 - "Development of Risk Based Separation Criteria", is the development of a rational structure for establishing reduced ATC separation criteria which meet a consistent Target Level of Safety using advanced technology and operational procedures; Part 3 - "Estimation of Capacity Benefits from Advanced Terminal Area Operations - Denver and Boston", provides an estimate of the overall annual improvement in runway capacity which might be expected at Denver and Boston from using some of the advanced ATC procedures developed in Part 1. Whereas Boston achieved a substantial 37% increase, Denver only achieved a 4.7% increase in its overall annual capacity
This volume is a compendium of papers presented during the NATO Workshop which took place in Capri, Italy, October 12-18, 1986 on the general subject of "Flow Control of Congested Networks: The Case of Data Processing and Transportation", and of which we acted as co-chairmen. The focus of the workshop was on flow control methodologies, as applied to preventing or reducing congestion on: (1) data communication networks; (2) urban transportation networks; and (3) air traffic control systems. The goals of the workshop included: review of the state-of-the-art of flow control methodologies, in general, and in each of the three application areas; identification of similarities and differences in the objective functions, modeling approaches and mathematics used in the three areas; examination of opportunities for "technology transfers" and for future interactions among researchers in the three areaso These goals were pursued through individual presentations of papers on current research by workshop participants and, in the cases of the second and third goals, through a number of open-ended discussion and-review sessions which were interspersed throughout the workshop's programmeD The full texts or extended summaries of all but a few of the papers given at the workshop are included in this volume.
This book deals with new research in the fields of passenger and freight transportation modes: policy analysis, formulation and evaluation; planning; interaction with the political, socioeconomic and physical environment; design, management and evaluation of transportation systems.