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The tumultuous years of the French Revolution left France’s prestigious decorative arts industries poised on the brink of ruin. It was not until after the fall of the monarchy and the ascendancy of the Consulat and Empire under Napoleon that they began to recover so that by the middle of the nineteenth century they stood at the pinnacle of their achievement. This book is the first in depth study of the renowned porcelain works at Sèvres during its virtual rebirth under the 47 year direction of the scientist, teacher, and administrator Alexandre Brongniart. Some 110 working drawings from the Sèvres Archive are reproduced here for the first time in color. They celebrate the high skill of the artists whose work often documented contemporary events in France. There are table services in the 'Egyptian' and 'Etruscan' taste as well as individual pieces that recall Napoleonic military campaigns. There are also exquisite Neoclassical decorations using motifs such as birds, butterflies, and insects that reflect the century’s early fascination with the natural sciences. The repertoire of nineteenth century eclecticism is evident in the output of Sèvres from the revival of Gothic and renaissance motifs to the outburst of naturalism. Eleven essays by leading authorities assess this dynamic period.
Through a detailed examination of inventories and other previously unpublished records, Carolyn Sargentson offers a new perspective on the history of consumption, and she paints a fascinating picture of the luxury market during the decades that preceded the French Revolution. Her text raises important questions about the life-cycle of objects and the way that they were valued, the trading options of merchants who operated within narrow margins of credit and cashflow, and the relationship between the different groups who were jostling for position and advantage in a competitive environment. The chapters cover the range of the merciers' operations and are based on detailed case studies of families or aspects of trade in specialist markets. Subjects covered include the corporation of the merciers and their business practice, their role in design, imported goods and European imitations, novelty and innovation, the merciers' shops and the magasins anglais.