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Polynomials are useful mathematical tools. They are simply defined and can be calculated quickly on computer systems. They can be differentiated and integrated easily and can be pieced together to form spline curves. After Weierstrass approximation Theorem, polynomial sequences have acquired considerable importance not only in the various branches of Mathematics, but also in Physics, Chemistry and Engineering disciplines. There is a wide literature on specific polynomial sequences. But there is no literature that attempts a systematic exposition of the main basic methods for the study of a generic polynomial sequence and, at the same time, gives an overview of the main polynomial classes and related applications, at least in numerical analysis. In this book, through an elementary matrix calculus-based approach, an attempt is made to fill this gap by exposing dated and very recent results, both theoretical and applied.
On the Higher-Order Sheffer Orthogonal Polynomial Sequences sheds light on the existence/non-existence of B-Type 1 orthogonal polynomials. This book presents a template for analyzing potential orthogonal polynomial sequences including additional higher-order Sheffer classes. This text not only shows that there are no OPS for the special case the B-Type 1 class, but that there are no orthogonal polynomial sequences for the general B-Type 1 class as well. Moreover, it is quite provocative how the seemingly subtle transition from the B-Type 0 class to the B-Type 1 class leads to a drastically more difficult characterization problem. Despite this issue, a procedure is established that yields a definite answer to our current characterization problem, which can also be extended to various other characterization problems as well. Accessible to undergraduate students in the mathematical sciences and related fields, This book functions as an important reference work regarding the Sheffer sequences. The author takes advantage of Mathematica 7 to display unique detailed code and increase the reader's understanding of the implementation of Mathematica 7 and facilitate further experimentation. In addition, this book provides an excellent example of how packages like Mathematica 7 can be used to derive rigorous mathematical results.
This gentle introduction to discrete mathematics is written for first and second year math majors, especially those who intend to teach. The text began as a set of lecture notes for the discrete mathematics course at the University of Northern Colorado. This course serves both as an introduction to topics in discrete math and as the "introduction to proof" course for math majors. The course is usually taught with a large amount of student inquiry, and this text is written to help facilitate this. Four main topics are covered: counting, sequences, logic, and graph theory. Along the way proofs are introduced, including proofs by contradiction, proofs by induction, and combinatorial proofs. The book contains over 360 exercises, including 230 with solutions and 130 more involved problems suitable for homework. There are also Investigate! activities throughout the text to support active, inquiry based learning. While there are many fine discrete math textbooks available, this text has the following advantages: It is written to be used in an inquiry rich course. It is written to be used in a course for future math teachers. It is open source, with low cost print editions and free electronic editions.
A First Course on Orthogonal Polynomials: Classical Orthogonal Polynomials and Related Topics provides an introduction to orthogonal polynomials and special functions aimed at graduate students studying these topics for the first time. A large part of its content is essentially inspired by the works of Pascal Maroni on the so-called algebraic theory of orthogonal polynomials, which distinguishes it from other contributions in the field. Features Suitable for a graduate course in orthogonal polynomials Can be used for a short course on the algebraic theory of orthogonal polynomials and its applicability to the study of the “old” classical orthogonal polynomials Includes numerous exercises for each topic Real and complex analysis are the only prerequisites
Nilsystems play a key role in the structure theory of measure preserving systems, arising as the natural objects that describe the behavior of multiple ergodic averages. This book is a comprehensive treatment of their role in ergodic theory, covering development of the abstract theory leading to the structural statements, applications of these results, and connections to other fields. Starting with a summary of the relevant dynamical background, the book methodically develops the theory of cubic structures that give rise to nilpotent groups and reviews results on nilsystems and their properties that are scattered throughout the literature. These basic ingredients lay the groundwork for the ergodic structure theorems, and the book includes numerous formulations of these deep results, along with detailed proofs. The structure theorems have many applications, both in ergodic theory and in related fields; the book develops the connections to topological dynamics, combinatorics, and number theory, including an overview of the role of nilsystems in each of these areas. The final section is devoted to applications of the structure theory, covering numerous convergence and recurrence results. The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in ergodic theory, along with those who work in the related areas of arithmetic combinatorics, harmonic analysis, and number theory.
Higher order Fourier analysis is a subject that has become very active only recently. This book serves as an introduction to the field, giving the beginning graduate student in the subject a high-level overview of the field. The text focuses on the simplest illustrative examples of key results, serving as a companion to the existing literature.
This volume covers some of the most recent and significant advances in computer mathematics, including algebraic, symbolic, numeric and geometric computation, automated mathematical reasoning, mathematical software and computer-aided geometric design. Researchers, engineers, academics and graduate students interested in doing mathematics using computers will find this volume good reading and a valuable reference. Contents: Solution of a Linear Differential Equations in the Form of Power Series and Its Application (T Kitamoto); On the Specification for Solvers of Polynomial Systems (D Lazard); OMEI: An Open Mathematical Engine Interface (W Liao et al.); Polynomial Solutions of Algebraic Differential Equations (Y Ma & X-S Gao); FIGUE: Mathematical Formula Layout with Interaction and MathML Support (H Naciri & L Rideau); An Inductive Approach to Formalizing Notions of Number Theory Proofs (T M Rasmussen); A Generalized Algorithm for Computing Characteristic Sets (D Wang); Action Refinement for Timed LOTOS (J Wu); Exact Analytical Solutions to a Set of Coupled Nonlinear Differential Equations Using Symbolic Computation (R-X Yao & Z-B Li); and other papers. Readership: Researchers, engineers, academics and graduate students in numerical & computational mathematics, theoretical computer science, mathematical modeling, analysis & differential equations, software engineering/programming, algebra & number theory, and logic.
This volume covers some of the most recent and significant advances in computer mathematics, including algebraic, symbolic, numeric and geometric computation, automated mathematical reasoning, mathematical software and computer-aided geometric design. Researchers, engineers, academics and graduate students interested in doing mathematics using computers will find this volume good reading and a valuable reference.
This book presents methods for the summation of infinite and finite series and the related identities and inversion relations. The summation includes the column sums and row sums of lower triangular matrices. The convergence of the summation of infinite series is considered. The author’s focus is on symbolic methods and the Riordan array approach. In addition, this book contains hundreds summation formulas and identities, which can be used as a handbook for people working in computer science, applied mathematics, and computational mathematics, particularly, combinatorics, computational discrete mathematics, and computational number theory. The exercises at the end of each chapter help deepen understanding. Much of the materials in this book has never appeared before in textbook form. This book can be used as a suitable textbook for advanced courses for high lever undergraduate and lower lever graduate students. It is also an introductory self-study book for re- searchers interested in this field, while some materials of the book can be used as a portal for further research.