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The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research chemists at universities or in industry, graduate students.
With tremendous growth over the last five years, mechanochemistry has become one of the most important topics in current polymer science research. With a particular focus on polymers and soft materials, Mechanochemistry in Materials looks at the subject from the application of macroscopic forces to solid systems of macroscopic dimensions. The book has been divided according to length scale covering both experimental and theoretical considerations simultaneously. The first section of the book focuses on inspiration from nature, exploring and explaining multiple biological phenomena. The second section discusses molecular mechanochemistry, including the theoretical understanding of the transduction of mechanical force and its impact on covalent bonds cleavage and formation. The final section considers the implementation of these phenomena at the mesoscale and discusses the use of supramolecular/reversible aspects with similarities to biological systems. The book provides a unique comparison with natural systems and contains all the important achievements in the area from the last decade. Appealing to a broad range of materials scientists, working in industry and academia, this well-presented and comprehensive title will be essential reading for researchers.
Mechanochemistry has been recently ackwnoledged by IUPAC as one of the top ten emerging technologies in chemistry, answering to the increased demand for clean processes and sustainable reaction conditions. This book focuses on the rediscovery of mechanochemistry for inorganic, organic and organo-metallic materials. Focus on experimental techniques and equipment will show how to implement mechanochemistry as an innovative way to sustainability in academic laboratories. The contents are ideal for researchers starting off in industry and academia, as well as advanced students.
This book is an extremely detailed account of all aspects of macromolecular mechanochemistry and will be of great interest to all experts in this area of rapidly advancing mechanochemistry. Mechanochemical transformations are the subject of increasing attention in solid state chemistry, physics and materials science as well as in development of advanced technologies. They have been discussed at a number of symposia on mechanochemistry and mechanical alloying in various countries. The book is divided into the following sections: Polystage feature of mechanochemical process Polymer mechanochemistry deformation Mechanodegradation Influence of some factors on mechanochemical degradation Effect of mechanodegradation on the structure and properties of polymers Polymer fracture Fracture of composite materials
Offers a comprehensive review of the research and development of mechanically responsive materials and their applications in soft robots Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers an authoritative guide to the current state of mechanically responsive materials for the development of soft robotics. With contributions from an international panel of experts, the book examines existing mechanically responsive materials such as crystals, polymers, gels, and composites that are stimulated by light and heat. The book also explores the application of mechanical materials to soft robotics. The authors describe the many excellent mechanical crystals developed in recent years that show the ability to bend, twist, rotate, jump, self-heal, and shape memory. Mechanical polymer materials are described for evolution into artificial muscles, photomobile materials, bioinspired soft actuators, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, multi-responsive composite materials, and strain sensor materials. The application of mechanical materials to soft robots is just the beginning. This book reviews the many challenging and versatile applications, such as soft microrobots made from photoresponsive elastomers, four-dimensional printing for assembling soft robots, self-growing of soft robots like plants, and biohybrid robots using muscle tissue. This important book: -Explores recent developments in the use of soft smart materials in robotic systems -Covers the full scope of mechanically responsive materials: polymers, crystals, gels, and nanocomposites -Deals with an interdisciplinary topic of advanced smart materials research -Contains extensive descriptions of current and future applications in soft robotics Written for materials scientists, polymer chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, solid state chemists, inorganic chemists, and robotics engineers, Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers a comprehensive and timely review of the most recent research on mechanically responsive materials and the manufacture of soft robotics.
The Essential Handbook of Polymer Terms and Attributes not only acts as an encyclopaedia of polymer science but also fosters an appreciation for the significance of polymers in fields including materials science, chemistry, engineering, and medicine. This book serves as an excellent reference book, covering every possible term and attribution associated with the vast and diverse field of polymers. This comprehensive volume serves as a vital resource for researchers working in industry and academia, offering a clear and concise exploration of polymer science with the most essential reference data available. Each polymer term is defined in a straightforward manner, ensuring that readers of all levels can grasp the concepts. The book goes beyond mere definitions, providing context and insights into the applications, properties, and synthesis. Bringing polymer terms and attributes together in one place, the book provides a broad knowledge of polymer science and facilitates idea generation for researchers and students embarking on projects related to a specific field of polymer science. Key features: This book covers all possible terms associated with the field of “polymers" and related areas, granting readers a comprehensive understanding of the entire spectrum of polymers. The organization of the book follows an alphabetical format, enabling quick and convenient access to specific terms. Each polymer term is clearly defined with a figure or scheme as needed, allowing readers to visualize the structures, processes, and applications involved. This book is written for science students, chemists, polymer scientists, chemical engineers, pharmaceutical scientists, biomedical scientists, biotechnologists, product formulators, materials scientists, and scientists working on polymers.
This unique volume describes advances in the field of mechanochemistry, in particular the scaling up of mechanochemical processes. Scalable techniques employed to carry out solvent-free synthesis are evaluated. Comparability to continuous flow chemistry, the current industrial benchmark for continuous efficient chemical synthesis, is presented.The book concludes that mechanochemical synthesis can be scaled up into a continuous, sustainable process. It demonstrates that large-scale mechanochemistry can meet industrial demands, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Features Mechanochemistry is rapidly developing as a multidisciplinary science on the borderline between chemistry, materials science and environmental science This unique text focuses on mechanochemistry with the ability to scale up and illustrates how mechanochemical synthesis is no longer an obstacle This timely book highlights recent advancements describing what can be achieved in chemical synthesis Mechanochemistry enables the synthesis of multiple polymorphic crystalline forms in the production of drugs in the form of tablets or granules in capsules
Smart Stimuli-Responsive Poymers, Films, and Gels Discover the most important developments in synthesis, simulation, and applications of a fascinating compound class There exist a range of natural materials that respond to environmental changes by altering their physical or chemical properties, known as stimuli-responsive polymers, these substances are responsive to light, temperature, pressure, and more. The study of these so-called “smart” polymers is essential to a range of application fields, many of which have generated cutting-edge research in recent decades. A comprehensive introduction to the subject is therefore well-timed Smart Stimuli-Responsive Polymers, Films, and Gels provides an introduction to these polymers and their applications. It includes producing these polymers through synthetic approaches, simulating their responses to different stimuli, and applying these materials in different industries and research capacities. Written to serve the requirements of advanced students and senior researchers alike, this timely work will drive years of research in this vital field. In Smart Stimuli-Responsive Polymers, Films, and Gels readers will also find: Treatment of mechanoresponsive, photoresponsive, and ionizing-radiation responsive polymers Applications in emerging fields such as sensors, biomedicine, catalysis, and more Interdisciplinary research into the properties and responses of these vital compounds Smart Stimuli-Responsive Polymers, Films, and Gels promises to become a seminal work for chemists, materials scientists, and industrial researchers seeking to incorporate these materials into a variety of industrial and research areas.
Compatibilization of Polymer Blends: Micro and Nano Scale Phase Morphologies, Interphase Characterization and Properties offers a comprehensive approach to the use of compatibilizers in polymer blends, examining both fundamental and advanced knowledge in the field. The book begins by introducing polymer blends, describing thermodynamics, miscibility, and phase separation, and explaining the main concepts of compatibilization. Other sections cover theoretical approaches for nearly compatible blends, incompatible blends, nanofillers, physical compatibilization, reactive compatibilization, morphological and structural characterization, and physico-mechanical characterization. Finally, key application areas are covered, including biomedical applications, packaging and automobile engineering. While this book will be a highly valuable reference source for academics, researchers and postgraduate students interested in polymer blends, it will also be ideal for anyone involved in the fields of polymer science, polymer chemistry, polymer physics, materials science, scientists, R&D professionals, and engineers in involved in the development or engineering of polymer products. - Offers detailed and systematic coverage of essential and advanced topics relating to the compatibilization of polymer blends - Presents a critical analysis of the effect of compatibilization on morphology and thermal, mechanical, electrical and viscoelastic properties of polymer blends - Draws on novel studies and state-of-the-art research, discussing the latest issues and developments
Polymer Stress Reactions, Volume 1: Introduction focuses on the interrelationship between polymer mechanochemistry and the stress-induced polymer reactions. This book discusses each nominal polymer state and describes the parameters and variables that are germane to the mechanically induced reactions in that state. The polymer degradation variables that are generally applicable to mechanochemistry, such as temperature and shear intensity, are also considered. This book consists of five chapters and begins with an overview of mechanochemistry and stress-induced polymer reactions, with particular reference to the distinction between mechanochemical reactions and other modes of reaction. The general regions of viscoelastic behavior for amorphous polymers where mechanochemistry may be conducted are also described. The next chapter explores the mechanisms underlying the modes of reaction in mechanochemistry, focusing on the effects of shear and applied stress as well as how bonds rupture. The discussion then turns to the influence of the principal variables in polymer mechanochemistry; characterization methods for evaluating the fundamentals of mechanochemistry; and methods for the synthesis of block and graft copolymers. This book is a valuable material for those interested in mechanochemistry in general and in polymer stress reactions in particular.