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This report presents a cost analysis of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from switchgrass. In this process, switchgrass is gasified to synthesis gas (syngas), which is fermented to PHB. Hydrogen is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): “A Techno-economic Analysis of Polyhydroxyalkanoate and Hydrogen Production from Syngas Fermentation of Gasified Biomass” Keywords: Polyhydroxyalcanoate, PHA, Gasification, Fermentation
This report presents a cost analysis of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from switchgrass In this process, switchgrass is gasified to synthesis gas (syngas), which is fermented to PHB. Hydrogen is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): “A Techno-economic Analysis of Polyhydroxyalkanoate and Hydrogen Production from Syngas Fermentation of Gasified Biomass” Keywords: Polyhydroxyalcanoate, PHA, Gasification, Fermentation
This report presents a cost analysis of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from natural gas. In this process, methane contained in the natural gas feedstock is fermentated to Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate by a mixed methanotrophic culture. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Polyhydroxyalcanoate, PHA, Methanotrophic Fermentation, Polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB
This report presents a cost analysis of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from sugarcane bagasse. In this process, bagasse is gasified to synthesis gas (syngas), which is fermented to PHB. Hydrogen is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Polyhydroxyalcanoate, PHA, Gasification, Fermentation
This report presents a cost analysis of Polybutadiene production from butadiene. The process examined is a typical solution process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Rubber, 3. Synthetic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 20130172489, issued to LANXESS in 2013 Keywords: Polymerization, High-Cis Polybutadiene, NdBR, NiBR, BD
This report presents a cost analysis of Maleic Anhydride production from butane via partial oxidation process. The process examined is similar to the one owned by Huntsman. In this process, Maleic Anhydride is produced by the partial oxidation reaction of n-butane with oxygen carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The reactor effluent is sent to a solvent-based recovery system for Maleic Anhydride separation. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 4118403 issued to Monsanto in 1978 (assigned to Huntsman in 1994); (2) US Patent 6090245, issued to Huntsman in 2000 Keywords: Fixed Bed, Maleic Acid Anhydride, C4 Oxidation, Huntsman, Monsanto
This report presents a cost analysis of 2-Ethylhexanol (2-EH) production from propylene and syngas. The process examined is similar to the LP OXO Selector technology jointly licensed by JM Davy and Dow. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: oxo alcohol, oxo process
This report presents a cost analysis of an early stage process for Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production from glucose syrup. The process examined is similar to the one proposed by the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In this process, glucose is isomerized to fructose, which is then converted to Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 20080033188, issued to Wisconsin Alumni Research Institute in 2008 Keywords: Glucose Isomerization, Dehydration, Biphasic Reactor
This report presents a cost analysis of Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) production from methanol The process examined is a typical oxidative carbonylation process. This process is a non-phosgene alternative for DMC production, in which CO, O2 and methanol react in the presence of copper chloride (CuCI) catalyst. Although reaction occurs in the liquid phase, a heterogeneous-phase mixture forms and the product stream is withdrawn from the reactor in vapor phase. The vapor is partially condensed, treated for recovery of catalyst and then subjected to distillation operations. Unreacted methanol is recovered and recycled to the reactor. Purified Dimethyl Carbonate is obtained after separation of side-product water. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 20030236428, issued to General Electric Company (2) US Patent 5685957, issued to Enichem Synthesis in 1997 Keywords: Non-Phosgene Process, Phosgene-Free, Oxidative Carbonylation, Enichem, Eni
This report presents a cost analysis of n-Butyraldehyde production from propylene and syngas. The process examined is similar to the LP OXO technology jointly licensed by JM Davy and Dow, employing Selector 30 catalyst. In this process, the production ratio of n- to iso-butyraldehyde in the oxo reaction is about 30. The n-Butyraldehyde is separated as the final product and the isobutyraldehyde is obtained as a by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Oxo Synthesis, Butanal, Synthesis Gas, H2, CO, Hydrogen, Carbon Monoxide