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Waste management poses increasing challenges to both the protection of the environment and to human health. To face these challenges, this book claims that environmental law needs to shift attention from media-specific pollution regimes to integrative life-cycle approaches of waste management i.e., from the prevention of waste generation to the actual handling of wastes. Furthermore, the cooperation of States and the establishment of coordinated activities is essential because states can no longer have separate standards for wastes posing transboundary risks and for ‘purely domestic’ wastes. Drawing upon both International and EU law, the book provides a detailed analysis of the regimes set up to deal with the transboundary movement of wastes and ship-source pollution, so as to elucidate the obligations and legal principles governing such regimes. It concludes that treaty obligations concerning transboundary movements of wastes are inapplicable to ship wastes while on board ships and on land. However, despite the limitations of the transboundary movement of wastes regime, the principle of Environmentally Sound Management (ESM) embodied in this regime has gradually transformed into a legal principle. ESM works to address the legal gaps in the regulation of wastes, and consequently, it provides the desired coherence to the legal system since it acts as a bridge between several regulatory and sectoral levels. Furthermore, ESM offers a new light with which to understand and interpret existing obligations, and it provides a renewed impetus to regimes that directly and indirectly govern wastes. This impetus translates into greater coordination and the establishment of cross-sectional policies. By offering alternative ways to solve problems linked to the management of ship wastes in the sea-land interface, this book will appeal to anyone with an interest in International Environmental Law.
This work deals with the international response to one of the serious environmental problems we face: transboundary traffic in hazardous wastes. The book analyses the key international treaties in this field, and proposes ways to build a comprehensive global waste management regime.
This post-UNCED account of the frameworks, standards and implementation of the international environmental law is intended for undergraduates and academics in the fields of international law, politics, geography, economics and environmental studies. It can be used on its own as a reference or course text or in conjunction with its companion collections of documents.
This second edition of Philippe Sand's leading textbook on international environmental law provides a clear and authoritative introduction to the subject, revised to December 2002. It considers relevant new topics, including the Kyoto Protocol, genetically modified organisms, oil pollution, chemicals etc. and will remain the most comprehensive account of the principles and rules relating to environmental protection and the conservation of natural resources. In addition to the key material from the 1992 Rio Declaration and subsequent developments, Sands also covers topics including the legal and institutional framework, the field's historic development and standards for general application. This will continue to be an invaluable resource for both students and practitioners alike.
This report provides a cross-country review of waste, materials management and circular economy policies in selected OECD countries, drawing on OECD’s Environmental Performance Reviews during the period 2010-17. It presents the main achievements in the countries reviewed, along with common ...
Conventions, Treaties and other Responses to Global Issues is a component of Encyclopedia of Institutional and Infrastructural Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. This theme Conventions, Treaties and other Responses to Global Issues deals with the issue of international resource regimes. These are formal responses by states to the threats posed by trans-boundary pollution or the distribution of resources. In the past thirty years the number of international environmental agreements has steadily risen to reach record numbers and these agreements have secured a firm place in the hierarchy of international affairs. There is a loose assumption that this is a good thing and that this rise has resulted in a commensurable improvement in environmental protection and resource allocation. But is this actually the case? In fact, is there a positive correlation at all? Or are there negative correlations? What are the connections between environmental diplomacy and environmental protection and how can environmental protection be achieved? These are just a few of the questions that will be addressed in this theme, whilst at the same time giving an overview of the most important international resource regimes and the most influential international organizations having an environmental impact. The theme takes the following shape: the first section introduces issues of international environmental law and its history, showing that international law can take many different forms. Here we explain what policy tools states have in drafting responses to global environmental issues. The second section deals with the most prominent international environmental agreements and gives a state of the art overview of existing regimes. The third and last section of this theme introduces the key actors in the international arena besides states, such as international organizations and civil society actors, such as pressure groups. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.

Stem Cell Research

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 1396


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This book discusses the need for a regulated and informed forum for international trade in hazardous waste. The authors argue that with careful planning, health and ecological risks can be minimized and net economic benefits realized fairly. The book examines the key parameters that should be considered by potential trading nations to ensure an optimally safe and mutually beneficial partnership. The authors provide comprehensive coverage of the political, environmental, industrial and economic issues involved in this complex and increasingly controversial practice.