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This open access book offers a fully illustrated compendium of glossary terms and basic principles in the field of palynology, making it an indispensable tool for all palynologists. It is a revised and extended edition of “Pollen Terminology. An illustrated handbook,” published in 2009. This second edition, titled “Illustrated Pollen Terminology” shares additional insights into new and stunning aspects of palynology. In this context, the general chapters have been critically revised, expanded and restructured. The chapter “Misinterpretations in Palynology” has been extended with new research data and additional ambiguous terms, e.g., polyads vs. massulae; the chapter “Methods in Palynology” has been extensively enhanced with illustrated protocols showing the majority of the methods and techniques used when studying recent and fossil pollen with LM, SEM and TEM. Moreover, additional information about the description and publication of pollen data is provided in the chapter “How to Describe and Illustrate Pollen Grains.” Various other parts of the general chapters have now been updated and/or extended with more comprehensive textual passages and new illustrations. The chapter “Illustrated Pollen Terms” now features new and more appropriate examples of each term, including additional LM micrographs. Where necessary, the entries for selected pollen terms have been refined by rewording or adding definitions, illustrations, and new micrographs. Lastly, new terms are included, such as “suprasculpture” and the prefix “nano-“ for ornamentation features. The chapter “Illustrated Pollen Terms” is the main part of this book and comprises more than 300 widely used terms illustrated with over 1,000 high-quality images. It provides a detailed survey of the manifold ornamentation and structures of pollen, and offers essential insights into their stunning beauty.
Palynology is important in basic as well as in manifold applied sciences, as e.g. biology, medicine, forensics, earth history, climatology and food production. This volume is the first fully illustrated handbook of palynological principles and glossary terms, exclusively using LM and EM micrographs of superior quality. A comprehensive General Chapter on pollen morphology, anatomy, pollen development etc. based on the present knowledge in palynology introduces the reader in the world of pollen. The glossary part comprises more than 300 widely used terms illustrated with over 1.000 high quality light and/or electron microscopic pictures to show the character range of a term. Terms are grouped by feature, e.g. ornamentation, where each term is illustrated on a separate page, definition and original citation included and where necessary, provided with a comprehensive explanatory comment. The term's use in LM, SEM or TEM and its assignment to anatomical, morphological and/or functional pollen features is indicated by icons and colour coding, respectively. This handbook is not only a valuable source for students and researchers but also for all persons interested in pollen and its aesthetic beauty.
It has long been the custom among those making pollen surveys to expose microscope slides coated with a suitable adhesive and examine them for the pollen grains caught. The counts of the various species are tabulated each day and at the end of the season drawn into a graph or pollen spectrum, as it is called , which gives a clear picture of the relative amounts of the different kinds of pollen which are floating in the air from day to day throughout the growing season If done in the north temperate zone such a spectrum will show the pollen of the early flowering trees, at first a trickle, as the junipers, alders and hazels flower, then a deluge as the birches, oaks and pines and many other trees cast their pollen to the air. This is generally followed by a long stream of grass pollen, fluctuating from week to week as the various species come into flower, reach their zenith, then die out giving way to succeeding species And toward the end of the summer pollens of the late flowering weeds make their appearance, nowadays in most places completely dominated by that of the ragweed. If the record is repeated the following year the spectrum will be nearly the same The succession can be counted on to repeat itself with subtle change from year to year for many years to come, unless some cataclysm changes the surrounding vegetation which contributes to the pollen spectrum, for it is always a faithful representation of the surrounding vegetation.
Plant Systematics is a comprehensive and beautifully illustrated text, covering the most up-to-date and essential paradigms, concepts, and terms required for a basic understanding of plant systematics. This book contains numerous cladograms that illustrate the evolutionary relationships of major plant groups, with an emphasis on the adaptive significance of major evolutionary novelties. It provides descriptions and classifications of major groups of angiosperms, including over 90 flowering plant families; a comprehensive glossary of plant morphological terms, as well as appendices on botanical illustration and plant descriptions. Pedagogy includes review questions, exercises, and references that complement each chapter. This text is ideal for graduate and undergraduate students in botany, plant taxonomy, plant systematics, plant pathology, ecology as well as faculty and researchers in any of the plant sciences. - The Henry Allan Gleason Award of The New York Botanical Garden, awarded for "Outstanding recent publication in the field of plant taxonomy, plant ecology, or plant geography" (2006) - Contains numerous cladograms that illustrate the evolutionary relationships of major plant groups, with an emphasis on the adaptive significance of major evolutionary novelties - Provides descriptions and classifications of major groups of angiosperms, including over 90 flowering plant families - Includes a comprehensive glossary of plant morphological terms as well as appendices on botanical illustration and plant description
This book provides practical morphological information, together with detailed illustrations and brief explanatory texts. Each chapter starts with a brief introduction, and goes on to describe the respective organism’s morphology in detail through numerous illustrations. This is followed by a brief note on its classification, and concludes with illustrated examples of stratigraphically important organisms through time with their major distinguishing characteristics. Featuring over 2500 clearly labelled, hand-drawn and classroom-friendly illustrations, the book offers a fundamental resource for budding palaeontologists, petroleum geologists and palaeobiologists.
Monocots: Systematics and Evolution presents leading work from around the world on non-grass monocotyledons and includes reviews and current research into their comparative biology, phylogeny and classification. The papers are based on presentations at the Second International Conference on the Comparative Biology of the Monocotyledons, Monocots II, held in Sydney, Australia in late 1998. Many were subsequently updated or extended to take into account new information. All 72 papers have been peer-reviewed.
More than 50 million Americans, one out of five, suffer from hay fever, asthma, and other allergic diseases. Many of these conditions are caused by exposure to allergens in indoor environments such as the house, work, and schoolâ€"where we spend as much as 98 percent of our time. Developed by medical, public health, and engineering professionals working together, this unique volume summarizes what is known about indoor allergens, how they affect human health, the magnitude of their effect on various populations, and how they can be controlled. The book addresses controversies, recommends research directions, and suggests how to assist and educate allergy patients, as well as professionals. Indoor Allergens presents a wealth of information about common indoor allergens and their varying effects, from significant hay fever to life-threatening asthma. The volume discusses sources of allergens, from fungi and dust mites to allergenic chemicals, plants, and animals, and examines practical measures for their control. Indoor Allergens discusses how the human airway and immune system respond to inhaled allergens and assesses patient testing methods, covering the importance of the patient's medical history and outlining procedures and approaches to interpretation for skin tests, in vitro diagnostic tests, and tests of patients' pulmonary function. This comprehensive and practical volume will be important to allergists and other health care providers; public health professionals; specialists in building design, construction, and maintenance; faculty and students in public health; and interested allergy patients.
This volume covers up-to-date notions of seed structure, processes resulting to its formation (syngamy, triple fusion etc.), as well as of postseminal development (seed dormancy and germination). Great attention has been paid to the morphological and functional aspects of fertilization process and embryo- and endospermogenesis.
An Illustrated Glossary of Honey Bee and Beekeeping Terminology by Sue Remenyi is an invaluable reference book for all beekeepers. As with any activity there is always a significant amount of terminology and jargon to get to grips with and this glossary brings together the terminology a beekeeper needs. In addition, more advanced aspects of beekeeping such as the anatomy and biology of the honey bee as well as pests, diseases and treatments, the development and behaviour of honey bees, honey and honey production are addressed. With more than 800 definitions and 200+ illustrations, this pocket-sized book is a useful reference for all beekeepers. Anyone studying for the British Beekeepers Association's module exams will find this book invaluable. Drawings and photographs have been used wherever possible to illustrate the descriptions.