Download Free Politique Economique Programmes Instruments Perspectives Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Politique Economique Programmes Instruments Perspectives and write the review.

The authors examine how the USA, Great Britain, France, Sweden and Germany have responded to the increasing challenge of international competition since the mid-1970s. Apart from in Sweden, the pursuit of competitiveness has undermined economic and social citizenship rights, and this has, in Britain and the USA, engendered an assault upon the idea of the welfare state. Solidarity and social discipline will be severely tested if the welfare state is to remain economically and politically viable in a highly competitive modern world.
Interdependent and Uneven Development is the fourth volume in the Organization of Industrial Space Series. The book is split into four parts examining theoretical, regulation theory, enterprise and network perspectives respectively. Contributors to the volume represent an international selection of scholars working in the field of economic change and further extends the series' reputation for high quality international research.
The purpose of this book is to provide an overview of research on agricultural systems that is both broad and selective. The focus is broad, by covering approaches used in a number of disciplines, as well as in multidisciplinary studies, and by defining agricultural systems to include cropping systems, fanning systems, agricultural household systems, and agricultural systems at higher levels such as the agrarian system. The focus is selective by emphasizing key methods and ongoing debates, rather than attempting a comprehensive review of literature. Most previous reviews of research on agricultural systems have concentrated on a particular approach, eg farming systems research (FSR), including comparisons of anglophone and francophone variants of FSR, or on research conducted in specific geographical settings.
This paper analyses the development of certification programmes in three countries (Indonesia, Canada and Sweden) using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) as a theoretical reference point. The ACF is an actor-based framework for analysing policy processes and has not previously been applied in a developing country. Actors in the three countries took different approaches to certification. In Canada, in a programme development process supported by the forest products industry, a management systems approach was taken. In Sweden, performance standards were developed in a process initially driven by NGOs. In Indonesia, certification was led by an NGO within a framework established by government, and a performance standards approach was used. The paper concludes that forest certification can be best understood as a policy instrument that promotes and facilitates policy-orientated learning among actors, and provides indirect incentives for improved forest management. Learning occurs both as the standards to be used for certification are developed, and as they are implemented. The benefits of learning and consensus building among actors (such as NGOs, forest companies, private forest owners, indigenous peoples, governments, etc.) who have traditionally been in conflict with each other can be significant. On the other hand, where fundamental changes in forest policy (such as tenure and forest revenue reform) are needed, certification should not be seen as a substitute for these A further conclusion is that, while public policies change over periods of decades, the private policies of retailers and forest product companies can adapt more rapidly to changing circumstances. The concept of a ‘fast track’ of private policy change, compared to the slower track of governmental policy change, is therefore proposed and described. A number of interesting theoretical and empirical avenues for further research on certification are discussed.