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Advances In Cellular And Molecular Biology Hold Promises To Modify The Physiological Processes Thereby Improving The Quality And Quantity Of Major Food Crops And Ensuring Stability In Yield Of The Produce Even Under Severe Abiotic Stress. In The Age Of Very Rapidly Expanding Information Technology, Biotechnology And Space Technology, Plant Physiologists Also Shall Have To Think Globally, Act Globally As Well As Locally. To Be Able To Feed The World In The Coming Years, A Concerted Effort Is Required Involving Sound National Agricultural Policies, Well-Planned Research Strategies And Efficient Delivery System. The Present Book Plant Physiology In Agriculture And Forestry Incorporates 15 Chapters On Some Of The Very Important Aspects Of Physiological Research In Relation To Agriculture And Forestry. This Book Contains Articles Covering A Wide Range Of Aspects Of Plant Physiology Including Abiotic Stresses, Mineral Nutrition, Seed Vigour, Nitrogen Management, Weed Management And Deforestation. Chapters On Mechanism Of Signal Transduction During Water Stress Response In Plants; Studies On The Effects Of Agrochemicals, Boron And Sulphur On Growth And Quality Of Mustard; Morpho-Physiological Make Up Of Certain Advanced Breeding Lowland Rice Cultures Adaptive To Waterlogged Stress Situation; Seed Vigour. Causes Of Loss And Remedies; Site Specific Nitrogen Management With Special Emphasis On Rice; Potential Of Monoterpenes For Weed Management; Management Strategies For Vam Under Intensive Agricultural System; Vam Fungi : Biodiversity And Benefits Provides Detailed Information On The Subject. Articles On Rainfall And Flora And Fauna Have Added To The Value Of The Book. Book Also Provides Information On Organic Production Of Crop, Milk, Meat And Fish In India; Mapping The Vegetation Types Of Orissa Using Remote Sensing; Notes On Some Armed Genera Of Asteraceae; Reproductive Biology And Genetic Variability In Bauhinia Variegata And Anthropecology Of Aquatic Bodies. This Book Will Definitely Serve As An Excellent Reference Material And Practical Guide For Scientist, Teachers, Students, Planners And Administrators Interested In Plant Physiology, Botany, Forestry And Agriculture Science.
This 1974 book was made available as a second edition in 1979. It provides an understanding of the ways in which the various physiological processes are integrated to produce the responses shown by whole plants growing in the variable environment in the field, whilst stressing the quantitative aspects of these relationships. This was the first general text to attempt such a treatment, thereby digesting much material that had been found only in research papers or detailed monographs and complementing the reductionist approach of most standard texts of plant physiology. Most of the subject matter concerns agricultural systems, but many of the concepts and approaches are applicable to more complex natural ecosystems. Emphasis is placed on integrating knowledge from many sources and on trying to assess quantitatively the importance of each component. The result is a comprehensive account making the book a valuable background for all interested in the study of plants in the field.
In Spite Of The Tremendous Progress Made In Food Production At The Global Level, There Is No Reason To Be Complacent Since The Yields Have Plateaued. There Are Alarming Pressures On Natural Resources Such As Soil, Water, Plants And Animals. In Some Cases, These Resources, Otherwise Gifts Of Nature, Are Being Degraded To The Extent Of 'Worry'. Further, There Are Wide Gaps Between The Economic Yield Obtained At Research Farms And In The Farmers' Fields, Both In Developed And Developing Countries. To Combat Such Problems, A Realistic Inter-Disciplinary Approach Is A 'Must'. The Academic/Research Information Contained In This Book Covers A Wide Range Of Aspects Of Applied And Basic Principles Of The Role Of Plant And Crop Physiology In Solving The Problems Of Agriculture And Agriculture-Based Industries. It Also Highlights The Expectations Of Environmentalists, Horticulturists, Foresters And Industrialists From Plant Physiologists. The Book Will Certainly Be Found Useful By Scientists, Scholars, Teachers, Planners And Administrators Interested In Disciplines Like Botany, Agricultural Botany, Plant Breeding, Plant And Crop Physiology, Horticulture, Forestry And Related Industries.
This textbook is second edition of popular textbook of plant physiology and metabolism. The first edition of this book gained noteworthy acceptance (more than 4.9 Million downloads) among graduate and masters level students and faculty world over, with many Universities recommending it as a preferred reading in their syllabi. The second edition provides up to date and latest information on all the topics covered while also including the basic concepts. The text is supported with clear, easy to understand Figures, Tables, Box items, summaries, perspectives, thought-provoking multiple-choice questions, latest references for further reading, glossary and a detailed subject index. Authors have also added a number of key concepts, discoveries in the form of boxed- items in each chapter. Plant physiology deals with understanding the various processes, functioning, growth, development and survival of plants in normal and stressful conditions. The study involves analysis of the above-stated processes at molecular, sub-cellular, cellular, tissue and plant level in relation with its surrounding environment. Plant physiology is an experimental science, and its concepts are very rapidly changing through applications from chemical biology, cytochemical, fluorometric, biochemical and molecular techniques, and metabolomic and proteomic analysis. Consequently, this branch of modern plant biology has experienced significant generation of new information in most areas. The newer concepts so derived are being also rapidly put into applications in crop physiology. Novel molecules, such nanourea, nitric oxide, gaseous signalling molecules like hydrogen sulphide, are rapidly finding significant applications among crop plants. This textbook, therefore, brings forth an inclusive coverage of the field contained in 35 chapters, divided into five major units. It serves as essential reading material for post-graduate and undergraduate students of botany, plant sciences, plant physiology, agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. This textbook is also of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, and policymakers.
Respiration is a large and important component of the carbon economy of crops. There are already several good books dealing with the biochemistry and physiol ogy of plant respiration, but there are none I know of that are devoted to the rela tionship between respiration and crop productivity, although this relationship is more and more frequently being studied with both experiment and simulation. Crop physiology books do cover respiration, of course, but the treatment is limited. The purpose of the present book is to fill this void in the literature. The approach taken here is to use the popular two-component functional model whereby respiration is divided between growth and maintenance components. Mter thoroughly reviewing the literature, I came to the conclusion that at present this is the most useful means of considering respiration as a quantitative compo nent of a crop's carbon economy. This functional distinction is used as the frame work for describing respiration and assessing its role in crop productivity. Discussions and critiques of the biochemistry and physiology of respiration serve primarily as a means of more fully understanding and describing the functional approach to studying crop respiration. It is assumed that the reader of this book is familiar with the fundamentals of plant physiology and biochemistry. The research worker in crop physiology should find this an up-to-date summary of crop respiration and the functional model of respiration. This book is not, however, a simple review of existing data.
Emphasis in agricultural research for many years has concen trated on crop production. This emphasis has become more important in recent years with the realization that the population worldwide is outstripping the food supply. There is, however, another side to increasing the availability of the food supply. This simply involves preservation of the harvested crop·for human consumption. The losses incurred in harvesting, handling, transportation, storage and marketing crops have become a greater problem as the distance from the farm to the ultimate consumer increases. In the Western world where modern transportation, storage facilities, and marketing technology are widely used, post-harvest technology requires a large input of energy which increases costs considerably. There fore, losses are more significant and the ability to provide fresh fruits and vegetables, out of season, at reasonable costs will depend on reduced post-harvest losses throughout the marketing chain from the farm gate to the ultimate consumer. The reduction in post-harvest losses depends on proper use of current technology and further developments derived from a broad spectrum of scientific disciplines. Biochemistry, plant physiology, plant pathology, horticulture, agronomy, physics, engineering and agricultural economics, all provide knowledge which has been useful and will be useful in the future for improving post-harvest technol ogy and crop preservation. This volume records the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Post-Harvest Physiology and Crop Preservation, held at Sounion, Greece, April 28 - May 8, 1981.
In this comprehensive and stimulating text and reference, the authors have succeeded in combining experimental data with current hypotheses and theories to explain the complex physiological functions of plants. For every student, teacher and researcher in the plant sciences it offers a solid basis for an in-depth understanding of the entire subject area, underpinning up-to-date research in plant physiology. The authors vividly explain current research by references to experiments, they cite original literature in figures and tables, and, at the end of each chapter, list recent references that are relevant for a deeper analysis of the topic. In addition, an abundance of detailed and informative illustrations complement the text.
This book has been prepared for those seeking a better understanding of the functioning of crop plants, particularly the processes that lead to the genera tion of products valued by human beings. The contributors, who are among the world's foremost experts on the important crops upon which humanity depends for food or fibre, address the relevant processes for their specific crop. Currently, the world population is continuing to increase. It is projected to plateau around the middle of the next century, and while there is considerable controversy regarding the population level when this plateau is achieved, most estimates are in the area of 10 000 000 000. At present, there are about 800000000 people in the world who do not have secure access to food. Over the last 50 years various aspects of agricultural research have been combined to increase the output of world crops approximately 2.5-fold. Given the need to feed the increasing population, and to provide better access, it is predicted that during the next 50 years the agricultural research community must repeat this achievement.
The existence and competition of trees and shrubs to sustain and put forth growth under varied environmental conditions is dependent on the interactions that occur between the plant metabolic processes and the prevailing environmental conditions. In order to understand the productivity of trees and shrubs, it is a prerequisite to know the experimental techniques of these vital processes. This volume provides a comprehensive presentation of this topic. The first part of this book deals with various aspects of experimental ecophysiology and recent research results of studies on plant pigments, epicuticular wax, leaf nutrients, carbon fixation, all supported by literature. The second part of the volume describes various laboratory techniques such as diffusion, imbibition, calorimetry, atomic absorption, mineral nutrition, nutrition analysis of forage, litterfall chemistry, nutrient cycle, etc. The third and fourth parts deal with advances in the techniques in the development of ecophysiology. The book will serve as an important handbook and resource for students, faculty and teachers, technicians, and researchers and scientists involved in forest science dealing with ecophysiology and biochemistry of woody and crop plants.