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The U.S. Army has moved along the path of preparing for the 21st century. This process began with the conceptual examinations and assessments carried out under the "Louisiana Maneuvers" and the Army's Battle Labs, and matured through the Force XXI process. The Army recently completed its first series of Advanced Warfighting Experiments that will shape the redesign and restructure of the future force, Army XXI, for the early years of the new millennium. While the broad outlines of Army XXI have been sketched out, many of the details remain to be filled in. Undoubtedly, these efforts will be influenced by the recent reports of the Quadrennial Defense Review (May 1997) and the National Defense Panel (December 1997). Indeed, debates over details of the force structure and the ultimate size of the Army are not likely to abate any time soon. To assist in the further conceptual development, Dr. William T. Johnsen places Army XXI in a broad strategic context. He briefly examines the anticipated international security environment and the roles that the U.S. Armed Forces and the Army can be expected to perform. He then assesses a wide range of general factors that will influence the capabilities needed to carry out the anticipated roles. Finally, he examines general and specific criteria that can be used to determine the appropriate size of Army XXI.
This comprehensive yet concise textbook is the first to provide a focused, subject specific guide to planning practice and law. Giving students essential background and contextual information to planning’s statutory basis, the information is supported by practical and applied discussion to help students understand planning in the real world. The book is written in an accessible style, enabling students with little or no planning law knowledge to engage in the subject and develop the necessary level of understanding required for both professionally accredited and non-accredited courses in built environment subjects. The book will be of value to students on a range of built environment courses, particularly urban planning, architecture, environmental management and property-related programmes, as well as law and practice-orientated modules.
Drawing on decades of professional practice and teaching experience, Steven L. Cantor's Professional and Practical Considerations for Landscape Design explains the field of landscape architecture, outlining with authority how to turn drawings of designs into creative, purposeful, and striking landscapes and landforms in today's world. This comprehensive guide consists of everything a young professional might encounter from conception through final project archiving, ensuring readers have both the tools necessary to keep up with advancements in the field and the practical business knowledge to build life-long partnerships. Each of the book's concise chapters emphasize a specific aspect of landscape architecture practice, from the administration of designs for contracts, areas of practice, human resources, marketing, construction materials, sustainability and ethics. Each chapter is written in a style that best suits the material. Alongside detailed definitions and practical "do's and don'ts" are 30 complex sample problems ranging in difficulty for both individuals and groups. An array of original photographs and clear examples in both black and white and color articulate standards and inspire future possibilities, featuring the work of Vicky Chan, founder of Avoid Obvious Architects, and Richard Alomar, Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture at Rutgers and co-founder of New York Urban Sketchers. By combining the author's unique depth of knowledge with real-world case studies from America, Asia, and Europe, Professional and Practical Considerations for Landscape Design is an up-to-date resource for every level of reader, from students in landscape architecture programs to professionals working in public or private practice, engineering, consulting, or contracting.
The making of planning policy is a major political and legal issue and there is currently a considerable focus by the government in England, Wales and Northern Ireland on local plan policy making. The current climate is characterised by government concern at the slow pace of local plan adoption in England, the controversial introduction of neighbourhood planning, new strategic planning tools with the Planning (Wales) Act 2015 and local development plans in Northern Ireland. Planning Policy is the only book dedicated to planning policy, both national and local and includes coverage of the Housing and Planning Act 2016. It covers the policy framework within which planning decisions are taken. It addresses how national and local policy is formulated, examined and challenged.