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The aim of this report is to review current and emerging methods of detecting leaks in pipelines, in order to determine best practices in use today, and those with enough promise to justify further research and development. The motivation for such identification is a need for rapid detection of leaks of a hazardous or environmentally damaging nature in both onshore and offshore pipelines.
Ageing infrastructure and declining water resources are major concerns with a growing global population. Controlling water loss has therefore become a priority for water utilities around the world. In order to improve efficiencies, water utilities need to apply good practices in leak detection. Leak Detection: Technology and Implementation assists water utilities with the development and implementation of leak detection programs. Leak detection and repair is one of the components of controlling water loss. In addition, techniques are discussed within this book and relevant case studies are presented. This book provides useful and practical information on leakage issues.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Over the brief history of automatic leak detection, perhaps 40 years, there has been a great deal of experimentation and conjecture along with the application of real and meaningful science and technology. This is not unusual in a young field, but it has interfered with the development of a broad understanding of the underlying concepts and realities. This book places the need for leak detection on pipelines in a societal context using both a regulatory and a risk-based approach. It develops the applicable science, starting with first principles. It explores the technology available for implementation, shows how to estimate and monitor performance, and discusses how to maintain and ensure consistency over time. This book is an excellent reference for professionals who develop and apply leak detection systems, as it discusses the fundamentals of leak detection science and technology, including the mathematics on which the fundamentals are based. It also includes key information about threats pipelines encounter, along with the underlying concepts, capabilities, and limitations of leak detection technology. This information will be of great value to regulators as well as to petroleum industry executives, safety and technology managers, and operations managers.
Pipeline spills occur as pipeline infrastructure ages and more hazardous products are transported. Regrettably, too many leak detection systems fail to detect these leaks, and other leak detection systems are ignored by the operators because they are unreliable. Thus, leaks that should have been small spills become disasters that cost pipeline owners millions of dollars. The key to the successful operation of pipeline leak detection systems is management commitment that assures the allocation of sufficient resources to the ongoing maintenance of leak detection systems and their supporting components. Every pipeline operator should consider a role for a leak detection champion who understands how their system works, continually monitors its performance, and supports the Pipeline Controllers. The leak detection system is not "fit-and-forget" and it requires ongoing management which is best achieved in-house with vendor support. Building a companywide leak detection culture, where pipeline leak detection is understood and valued from the top ranks to the field operators will reduce loss of containment incidents. "Introduction to Pipeline Leak Detection" explains the key leak detection technologies deployed to detect leaks on pipelines today in simple concise language that is easily understood by everyone.