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Background: Osteoarthritis is a medical condition that has doubled since 1950 and is mostly prevalent in elderly individuals. Despite varied beneficial effects of physical activity, research has shown that people with osteoarthritis engage less in physical activities than persons without osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between osteoarthritis, physical activity, and physical functioning. Methods: This study used cross sectional data from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants were 18 or older and completed survey sections on general health, physical functioning, and health conditions. Descriptive statistics were calculated to determine the prevalence of osteoarthritis, describe sociodemographic characteristics, functional limitations, and physical activity levels among the sample. Linear regression was to determine the association between osteoarthritis and physical activity among all participants and separately among participants 60 and older. Results: A total of 5106 participants (M=2763, F=2343) were included in this study with a mean age of 50.51±17.81 years and a mean body mass index of 29.71±7.40. A total of 711 (13.9%) of participants reported having osteoarthritis. On average, participants reported a median of 30 minutes (IQR=0 to180) of physical activity per week (mean 157.8 ±326.3). There was a significant difference in total physical activity weekly between participants with no arthritis (176.37±340.4) and participants with osteoarthritis (82.71±207.7). For all participants, those with osteoarthritis engaged in 24 (±15) less minutes of physical activity compared to those without osteoarthritis after adjusting for known confounders (p-value
Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the top 10 of most disabling diseases in the Western world. It is the major cause of pain and disability among the elderly. This book provides a contextual review of recent research on neuromuscular factors and behavioral risk factors for functional decline in OA, with a special emphasis on explanatory mechanisms. In addition, the book discusses innovative approaches to exercise and physical activity in OA, derived from research on behavioral and neuromuscular risk factors for functional decline in OA. Recent research has shown that neuromuscular factors (such as muscle strength, joint laxity) and behavioral factors (such as avoidance of activity, depressed mood) predict pain and disability in OA. Furthermore, exercise and physical activity are among the dominant interventions aiming at reducing pain and disability, and innovative interventions targeting neuromuscular and behavioral interventions have been recently developed. This research has been published as separate papers, with the result that the field is in need of an integrative contextual review that puts the research into theoretical perspective. TARGETED MARKET SEGMENTS Rehabilitation specialists, health psychologists, gerontologists, rheumatologists, pain specialists
Academic Paper from the year 2024 in the subject Health - Physical Therapy / Occupational Therapy, , language: English, abstract: The most common form of arthritis is knee osteoarthritis, which is also referred to as wear-and-tear arthritis or degenerative arthritis. Most of the time, synovitis, subchondral bone loss, and osteoarthritis in the knees are the major signs of disease. Mechanical stress, inflammation, biochemical factors, hormonal changes, and getting older can all make knee osteoarthritis worse. The objective of this study is, to find the association of physical activity level and quality of life of the patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis. The analytical cross-sectional study approach was employed in the research. The group consisted of 278 persons with knee osteoarthritis out of them, few patients who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study. The research used the non-probability convenience selection approach. Information was received from private clinics, Services Hospital, and the Indus Hospital. The health-related quality of life was measured by SF36, while the physical activity level was measured using IPAQ. The present study has a positive finding that physical activity has an association with the quality of life in the knee osteoarthritis patient population. Nevertheless, such gross summary scores do not show its relation to general health, energy or fatigue based on IPAQ scores.
"Physical inactivity is not only an individual's personal problem but is identified as a serious public health issue. Prolonged inactivity that occurs among many elderly persons tends to lead into a gradual decrease in all components of physical fitness, t"
Knee osteoarthritis is an age-related disease which will affect nearly 50% of individuals in their lifetime. Because there are currently no treatments to substantially slow the progression of this disease, it is important to identify mechanisms to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis initiation. Osteoarthritis is a disease which is at least partially mediated by mechanical factors which may result from age-related changes in gait. The extent to which habitual physical activity can modify the impact of age on gait, knee mechanics, and thus cartilage loading is unknown. The aim of this dissertation was to examine the effects of age and habitual physical activity level on biomechanical risk factors for knee osteoarthritis including knee mechanics during gait, knee extensor muscle function, neuromuscular control, coordination, and the physiological and biomechanical response to a bout of exercise. Three groups of 20 healthy individuals each were recruited: young adults, highly active older adults, and less active older adults. Overground gait mechanics and knee extensor muscle torque and power were collected before and after a 30 minute treadmill walk designed to allow for observation of changes in gait and muscle function in response to muscle fatigue. At baseline, both older adult cohorts displayed decreased concentric knee extensor power compared to young adults. Older adults, especially in the less active group, had more femoral anterior translation relative to the tibia during the stance phase of gait, a measure that has previously been linked to osteoarthritis risk, incidence, and progression. Movement coordination was more affected by age than physical activity level as older adults from both physical activity cohorts displayed differences in coordination and its variability, particularly in movement coordination about the hip and ankle during periods of single-support. When comparing males and females across different age and physical activity cohorts, sex was identified as a determinant of hip and knee mechanics, and baseline knee extensor muscle function. The results of this dissertation provide evidence that, even in relatively young, high-functioning older adults, age and low physical activity levels are associated with a shift towards markers of increased knee osteoarthritis risk.
The book is designed to be an overall presentation of health enhancing physical activity (HEPA) Its purpose is to provide most recent theoretical and practical evidence base for HEPA experts and actors in research, education, administration and service provision.
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, degenerative disease afflicting millions of older adults. Knee OA (KOA), specifically, is a leading cause of functional limitation in aged persons. With multiple etiologies and no cure, strategies to mitigate progression, improve physical function and ameliorate pain symptoms are of utmost importance in helping patients to maintain functional ability and independence. Physical activity (PA) is an efficacious, adjuvant treatment approach that is highlighted in literature as having high-quality evidence for improving pain symptoms and increasing functional ability. Indeed, exercise interventions consistently result in clinically meaningful improvements in salient outcomes for KOA patients. Despite these established benefits, successfully promoting maintenance of regular PA participation remains a daunting challenge. PURPOSE: The purpose of the Improving Maintenance of Physical Activity Trial - Pilot (IMPACT-P), a single-blind, randomized controlled pilot trial, was to compare the efficacy of a traditional exercise training (TRAD) and a group-mediated cognitive-behavioral exercise intervention (GMCB) in producing increased physical activity participation, improving functional ability, increasing SE and improving pain symptoms in older, KOA patients. METHODS: Eighty KOA patients (M age = 63 years) were randomly assigned to GMCB (n = 40) or TRAD (n = 40) interventions. Self-reported (Community Health And Maintenance Program for Seniors) PA participation, accelerometer-determined (Lifecorder) PA participation, pain symptoms (Western Ontario McMasters University Osteoarthritis Index), functional ability (stair climb and 400-meter walk) and self-efficacy measures for stair climb and 400-meter walk performances were obtained at baseline and 3-month follow-up assessments. Analysis was completed with 2 (Treatment) x 2 (Time) ANCOVA controlling for age. RESULTS: The GMCB approach was found to result in significant improvements (both CHAMPS and Lifecorder) in short-term, moderate or greater intensity exercise participation (PAMod+) when compared with a TRAD exercise intervention approach receiving the same exercise prescription and equivalent contact hours. While performance outcomes were not different, subjects were more confident in their ability to complete the functional tasks at the 3-month time point. Of great importance, the TRAD and GMCB interventions promoted decreased pain symptoms after only 3-months of exercise engagement. CONCLUSION: When considered in aggregate, the present findings demonstrate that the GMCB intervention can result in similar improvements in pain symptoms and confidence for completing various functional tasks while promoting more favorable changes in short-term PAMod+ participation when compared with a standard exercise approach. Consequently, an exercise intervention designed to provide training and practice in activity-related behavioral self-regulatory skills may augment changes associated with exercise participation. Evidence from IMPACT-P serves to promote the GMCB approach as a valuable intervention strategy for the design and delivery of future interventions targeting the promotion of PA participation in older, KOA patients.
The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide disability benefits: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. SSDI provides disability benefits to people (under the full retirement age) who are no longer able to work because of a disabling medical condition. SSI provides income assistance for disabled, blind, and aged people who have limited income and resources regardless of their prior participation in the labor force. Both programs share a common disability determination process administered by SSA and state agencies as well as a common definition of disability for adults: "the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months." Disabled workers might receive either SSDI benefits or SSI payments, or both, depending on their recent work history and current income and assets. Disabled workers might also receive benefits from other public programs such as workers' compensation, which insures against work-related illness or injuries occurring on the job, but those other programs have their own definitions and eligibility criteria. Selected Health Conditions and Likelihood of Improvement with Treatment identifies and defines the professionally accepted, standard measurements of outcomes improvement for medical conditions. This report also identifies specific, long-lasting medical conditions for adults in the categories of mental health disorders, cancers, and musculoskeletal disorders. Specifically, these conditions are disabling for a length of time, but typically don't result in permanently disabling limitations; are responsive to treatment; and after a specific length of time of treatment, improve to the point at which the conditions are no longer disabling.