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Increasing population and industrialization are the key pollutant contributors in water bodies. The wastes generated by industries are highly hazardous for humans and the ecosystem and require a comprehensive and effective treatment before being discharged into water bodies. Over the years, many up gradations have been introduced in traditional water treatment methods which were expensive and ineffective especially for removal of toxic pollutants. Phycoremediation has been gaining attention due to its mutual benefit in wastewater treatment and for valuable algae biomass production. Wastewater, especially sewage and industrial effluents, is rich in pathogenic organisms, organic and inorganic compounds and heavy metals that adversely affect human and aquatic life. Microalgae use these inorganic compounds and heavy metals for their growth. In addition, they also reduce pathogenic organisms and release oxygen to be used by bacteria for decomposition of organic compounds in a secondary treatment. In this book, the potential of microalgae in wastewater treatment, their benefits, strategies, and challenges are discussed. The increasing need of finding innovative, low-cost, low-energy, sustainable and eco-friendly solutions for wastewater treatment makes the publication of a book on phycoremediation timely and appropriate. Features: (1) Deals with the most emerging aspects of algal research with special reference to phycoremediation. (2) Studies in depth diversity, mutations, genomics and metagenomics study (3) An eco-physiology, culturing, microalgae for food and feed, biofuel production, harvesting of microalgae, separation and purification of biochemicals.
Increasing population and industrialization are the key pollutant contributors in water bodies. The wastes generated by industries are highly hazardous for humans and the ecosystem and require a comprehensive and effective treatment before being discharged into water bodies. Over the years, many up gradations have been introduced in traditional water treatment methods which were expensive and ineffective especially for removal of toxic pollutants. Phycoremediation has been gaining attention due to its mutual benefit in wastewater treatment and for valuable algae biomass production. Wastewater, especially sewage and industrial effluents, is rich in pathogenic organisms, organic and inorganic compounds and heavy metals that adversely affect human and aquatic life. Microalgae use these inorganic compounds and heavy metals for their growth. In addition, they also reduce pathogenic organisms and release oxygen to be used by bacteria for decomposition of organic compounds in a secondary treatment. In this book, the potential of microalgae in wastewater treatment, their benefits, strategies, and challenges are discussed. The increasing need of finding innovative, low-cost, low-energy, sustainable and eco-friendly solutions for wastewater treatment makes the publication of a book on phycoremediation timely and appropriate. Features: (1) Deals with the most emerging aspects of algal research with special reference to phycoremediation. (2) Studies in depth diversity, mutations, genomics and metagenomics study (3) An eco-physiology, culturing, microalgae for food and feed, biofuel production, harvesting of microalgae, separation and purification of biochemicals.
An Integration of Phycoremediation Processes in Wastewater Treatment reviews the potential of microalgae to treat wastewater containing highly recalcitrant compounds whose degradation is not achieved by the conventional existing treatments. In addition, the book describes how the microalgae collected after wastewater treatment can be used for obtaining added-value products, hence closing the loop and contributing to a circular economy. Finally, the technoeconomical aspects of this green technology are addressed, along with the design and development of photobioreactors, genetic aspects, metagenomics and metabolomics. - Deals with emerging aspects of algal research, with a special reference to phycoremediation - Covers diversity, mutations, genomics, metagenomics, eco-physiology, culturing, microalgae for food and feed, biofuel production, harvesting of microalgae, separation and purification of biochemicals - Describes the techno-economical assessment, microalgal biotechnology and algal-bacterial systems for wastewater treatment - Presents complex issues associated with cutting-edge biotechnological tools and techniques like next-generation sequencing methods, metabolomics and bioreactor design and development
Bioremediation and Bioeconomy: A Circular Economy Approach provides a common platform for scientists from various backgrounds to find sustainable solutions to environmental issues, including remediation of emerging pollutants, usage of contaminated land and wastewater for bioproducts such as natural fibers, biocomposites, and fuels, to boost the economy. The need for transitioning to a sustainable use of natural resources is now more evident than ever as industrialization and pollution are global phenomena. Biodiversity is being used as raw material for environmental decontamination, and this field has grown phenomenally in recent years, having emerged less than 3 decades ago. On the other hand, the volume of contaminated substrates (water, soil, and air) is increasing due to anthropogenic and technogenic sources of organic and inorganic contaminants. Bioremediation and Bioeconomy: A Circular Economy Approach will address the bottlenecks and solutions to the existing limitations in field scale and the relevant techniques. Provides a compilation of new information on bioremediation not found in other books in the present market Presents the link between bioremediation, bioeconomy, and the circular economy Includes strategies for using contaminated substrates for producing bioresources and co-generation of value chain and value addition products
The proposed book mainly sorts out emerging and burning issues faced day to day by municipal and industrial wastewater treatments. It also provides a comprehensive view of recent advances in hybrid treatment technologies for wastewater treatment, addresses the current limitations and challenges of applying these tools in wastewater treatment systems. This book gives an insight about recent developments in membrane technology for wastewater treatment. Industrial wastewater contains a large variety of compounds, such as heavy metals, salts and nutrients, which makes its treatment challenging. Thus, the use of conventional water treatment methods is not always effective. In this sense, membrane-based hybrid processes have emerged as a promising technology to treat complex industrial wastewater. The present book analyses and discusses the potential of membrane-based hybrid processes for the treatment of complex industrial wastewater along with the recovery of valuable compounds and water reutilization. In addition, recent and future trends in membrane technology are highlighted. FEATURES The properties, mechanisms, advantages, limitations and promising solutions of different types of membrane technologies are discussed The optimization of process parameters is addressed The performance of different membranes is described The potential of nanotechnology to improve the treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment plants is presented The application of membrane and membrane-based hybrid treatment technologies for wastewater treatment is covered
Microbial Wastewater Treatment focuses on the exploitation of microorganisms as decontaminating tools to treat polluted wastewater, a worldwide concern. Microorganism-based processes are seen as promising technologies to treat the ever-increasing problem of polluted wastewater. The book covers recently developed process technologies to solve five major trends in the field of wastewater treatment, including nutrient removal and recovery, trace organic compounds, energy saving and production, sustainability and community involvement. - Illustrates the importance of microorganisms in wastewater treatment - Points out the reuse of the treated wastewater - Highlights the recovery of resources from wastewater - Pays attention to the occurrence of novel micro-pollutants - Introduces new trends in wastewater technology
Rapid industrialization is a serious concern in the context of a healthy environment. With the growth in the number of industries, the waste generated is also growing exponentially. The various chemical processes operating in the manufacturing industry generate a large number of by-products, which are largely harmful and toxic pollutants and are generally discharged into the natural water bodies. Once the pollutants enter the environment, they are taken up by different life forms, and because of bio-magnification, they affect the entire food chain and have severe adverse effects on all life forms, including on human health. Although, various physico-chemical and biological approaches are available for the removal of toxic pollutants, unfortunately these are often ineffective and traditional clean up practices are inefficient. Biological approaches utilizing microorganisms (bacterial/fungi/algae), green plants or their enzymes to degrade or detoxify environmental pollutants such as endocrine disruptors, toxic metals, pesticides, dyes, petroleum hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds, offer eco- friendly approaches. Such eco-friendly approaches are often more effective than traditional practices, and are safe for both industry workers as well as environment. This book provides a comprehensive overview of various toxic environmental pollutants from a variety natural and anthropogenic sources, their toxicological effects on the environment, humans, animals and plants as well as their biodegradation and bioremediation using emerging and eco-friendly approaches (e.g. Anammox technology, advanced oxidation processes, membrane bioreactors, membrane processes, GMOs), microbial degradation (e.g. bacteria, fungi, algae), phytoremediation, biotechnology and nanobiotechnology. Offering fundamental and advanced information on environmental problems, challenges and bioremediation approaches used for the remediation of contaminated sites, it is a valuable resource for students, scientists and researchers engaged in microbiology, biotechnology and environmental sciences.
Phycoremediation is an alternative method of water and wastewater remediation, which includes the use of algae for treatment, and is an environmentally friendly and sustainable technology. More conventional methods of wastewater treatment have been successful in the removal of conventional contaminants from the water; however, these techniques typically require more time and energy than phycoremediation. Phycoremediation of Wastewater: Practical Applications for Sustainability focuses on the latest developments in water remediation as well as the major challenges faced by municipalities implementing large-scale phycoremediation operations. It addresses the latest advancements in the field as well as the future applications and techniques to make water remediation processes more environmentally sustainable. It focuses on the latest developments in phycoremediation and outlines the major challenges in large-scale operation and implementation. It explores the future scope of the remediation techniques to make processes more sustainable going forward.
This two-volume work presents comprehensive, accurate information on the present status and contemporary development in phycoremediation of various types of domestic and industrial wastewaters. The volume covers a mechanistic understanding of microalgae based treatment of wastewaters, including current challenges in the treatment of various organic and inorganic pollutants, and future opportunities of bioremediation of wastewater and industrial effluents on an algal platform. The editors compile the work of authors from around the globe, providing insight on key issues and state-of-the-art developments in algal bioremediation that is missing from the currently available body of literature. The volume hopes to serve as a much needed resource for professors, researchers and scientists interested in microalgae applications for wastewater treatment. Volume 1 focuses on the different aspects of domestic and industrial wastewater treatment by microalgae. The case studies include examples such as genetic technologies as well as the development and efficient use of designer consortia for enhanced utilization of microalgae. This volume provides thorough and comprehensive information on removal of persistent and highly toxic contaminants such as heavy metals, organic pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, endocrine disruptors, pharmaceutical compounds, and dyes from wastewater by microalgae, diatoms, and blue-green algae. Design considerations for algal ponds and efficient use of photobioreactors and HRAPs for wastewater treatment are some other highlights. This volume addresses the applications, potentials, and future opportunities for these various considerations in water pollution mitigation using algal technologies.