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This book explores the hitherto neglected relationship between the English Reformation and the Lutheran scholar Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560). It looks at how Henry, following his break with Rome, flirted with Lutheranism as a doctrine to replace Catholicism, before the eventual collapse of the policy and its replacement with a more moderate reform programme under Cranmer. It then goes on to investigate how Melanchthon, as the leading proponent of Lutheranism influenced successive royal governments, both positively and negatively, as they struggled to impose their own brand of doctrinal conformity on the English church. By refracting the well known narrative of the English Reformation through the lens of Melanchthon, new light is shed on many events that have puzzled historians. The study provides fascinating new perspectives on such questions as why Henry suddenly abandoned his Lutheran policy, why Cromwell fell from power in 1540 and even insights into Elizabeth's personal beliefs. By tying events in England into the context of the wider European Reformation, through the work of Philip Melanchthon, this book offers fresh insights into the nature and development of early evangelical Protestantism.
This book explores the hitherto neglected relationship between the English Reformation and the Lutheran scholar Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560). It looks at how Henry, following his break with Rome, flirted with Lutheranism as a doctrine to replace Catholicism, before the eventual collapse of the policy and its replacement with a more moderate reform programme under Cranmer. It then goes on to investigate how Melanchthon, as the leading proponent of Lutheranism influenced successive royal governments, both positively and negatively, as they struggled to impose their own brand of doctrinal conformity on the English church. By refracting the well known narrative of the English Reformation through the lens of Melanchthon, new light is shed on many events that have puzzled historians. The study provides fascinating new perspectives on such questions as why Henry suddenly abandoned his Lutheran policy, why Cromwell fell from power in 1540 and even insights into Elizabeth's personal beliefs. By tying events in England into the context of the wider European Reformation, through the work of Philip Melanchthon, this book offers fresh insights into the nature and development of early evangelical Protestantism.
In Law and Gospel, Timothy Wengert, one of the world's leading Melancthon scholars, explores the relationship between poenitentia and law in his theology during the time he was opposed by another of Luther's disciples, John Agricola.0
This English translation represents the first "evangelical" statement of theology.
This book explores specific aspects of Martin Luther’s ideas on education in general, and on religious education in particular, by comparing them to the views of other great sixteenth-century reformers: Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin, and Philip Melanchthon. By doing so, the author highlights both the originality of the German reformer’s perspective, and the major impact of the main religious movement at the dawn of modernity on the development of public education in Western Europe. Although Martin Luther was a religious reformer par excellence, and not an educational theorist, a number of pedagogically significant ideas and ideals can be identified in his extensive theological work, which may also qualify him as an education reformer. The Protestant Reformation changed the world, bringing to the fore the relation between faith and education, and made the latter a public responsibility by proving that the spiritual enlightenment of youth, regardless of gender and social origin, is indissolubly linked to instruction in general, and especially to a more thorough understanding of the classical languages, arts, history and mathematics.
This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This volume brings together two important contemporary accounts of the life of Martin Luther in a confrontation that had been postponed for more than four hundred and fifty years. The first of these is written after Luther’s death, when it was rumoured that demons had seized the Reformer on his deathbed and dragged him off to Hell. In response to these rumours, Luther’s friend and colleague, Philip Melanchthon wrote and published a brief encomium of the Reformer in 1548. A completely new translation of this text appears in this book. It was in response to Melanchthon’s work that Johannes Cochlaeus completed and published his own monumental life of Luther in 1549, which is translated and made available in English for the first time in this volume. Such is the detail and importance of Cochlaeus’s life of Luther that for an eyewitness account of the Reformation – and the beginnings of the Catholic Counter-Reformation – there is simply no other historical document to compare.
This carefully translated and edited volume in the Library of Christian Classics contains Philip Melanchthon's famous Loci Communes and Martin Bucer's De Rengo Christi. Long recognized for the quality of its translations, introductions, explanatory notes, and indexes, the Library of Christian Classics provides scholars and students with modern English translations of some of the most significant Christian theological texts in history. Through these works--each written prior to the end of the sixteenth century--contemporary readers are able to engage the ideas that have shaped Christian theology and the church through the centuries.
Introduction-Chapter 1-Wittenberg's New Professor-Chapter 2-The Devil, Latin, and Philosophy-Chapter 3-The Idle Spectator-Chapter 4-IN the Wake of Leipzig-Chapter 5-Without Elijah-Chapter 6-The Loci and the Passional-Chapter 7-The Great Defection-Chapter 8-Stars, Dreams, and Omens-Chapter 9-Attack, Tumult and Gossip-Chapter 10-Golden Fruit, Silver Bowl-Chapter 11-That They May Know the Word-Chapter 12-From Protest-Chapter 13-To Confession-Chapter 14-A Cause Committed to God-Chapter 15-Delivered From Hell-Chapter 16-Defending the Confession-Chapter 17-Intrigue of Kings-Chapter 18-Sign of the Bread-Chapter 19-An Unending Web-Chapter 20-Bigamy!-Chapter 21-The Important Nonessentials-Chapter 22-The /Word, The Holy Spirit, and the Will-Chapter 23-Reformer at Home-Notes--Index.
How the English Reformation was Named analyses the shifting semantics of 'reformation' in England between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries. Originally denoting the intended aim of church councils, 'reformation' was subsequently redefined to denote violent revolt, and ultimately a series of past episodes in religious history. But despite referring to sixteenth-century religious change, the proper noun 'English Reformation' entered the historical lexicon only during the British civil wars of the 1640s. Anglican apologists coined this term to defend the Church of England against proponents of the Scottish Reformation, an event that contemporaries singled out for its violence and illegality. Using their neologism to denote select events from the mid-Tudor era, Anglicans crafted a historical narrative that enabled them to present a pristine vision of the English past, one that endeavoured to preserve amidst civil war, regicide, and political oppression. With the restoration of the monarchy and the Church of England in 1660, apologetic narrative became historiographical habit and, eventually, historical certainty.
This volume, first published in 1999, presents a translated and wide-ranging selection of Melanchthon's influential academic orations.