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Organophosphorus and carbonate pesticides are used as insecticides, herbicides, nematicides, acaricides, fungicides, rodenticides, and bird repellents throughout the world. Today, organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides use is widespread on agricultural crops, rangelands, forests, and wetlands. Toxicology and Pesticide Use: Organophosphorus and Carbamate Compounds summarizes what is known about these pesticides from wildlife toxicology literature and discusses the potential hazards to wildlife by examining toxicity, environmental persistence, and use patterns of the pesticides. This information is critical to anyone involved in agriculture or agribusiness because of the impact of recent EPA rulings regarding the administration of these chemicals to crops. The book will interest toxicologists, environmental toxicologists, agrichemists, and all researchers involved in the study of the impact of these chemicals on the environment.
The chemicals chosen for testing include 108 pesticides, used in thousands of formulations. Generally, they are the pesticides to which wildlife are either most often exposed or most susceptible. Most are widely used or represent common families of chemicals applied to forests, rangeland, aquatic habitat, or agricultural areas that wildlife live in or frequent.
Historical perspective. Wildlife values in a Changing World. New patterns on land and water. Influence of land management on wildlife. Special problems of waters and watersheds. Pesticides and wildlife. Wildlife demage and control. Legislation and administration. Evaluation and Conclusions.
A publication intended for "landowners, farmers and pesticide applicators" in Virginia, which contains useful information for private citizens in other states. Focusing on the effects of pesticides on birds and mammals, it gives an overview of wildlife toxicology, describes how insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides affect wildlife, and offers a variety of ways to reduce the effects of pesticides on wildlife, including integrated pest management (IPM).
The use of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides has increased markedly during the past two decades. Currently, more than 100 different organophosphorus and carbamate chemicals are registered as the active ingredients in thousands of different pesticide products in the United States. More than 160 million acre-treatments of these pesticides are estimated to be applied to agricultural crops and forests each year.