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In the last decade, important progress has been achieved in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, in particular since the introduction of 5-HT3 antagonists which, when used in combination with steroids, can assure significant protection in the majority of patients. Nonetheless, for some relevant clinical problems there still is no satisfactory answer, and there are major differences in clinical practice regarding antiemetic use. This volume contains the results of the fifth Perugia International Cancer Conference which was organized in 8 sessions, a consensus document was prepared for each session forming a useful basis for future developments.
Supplement to "Putting Evidence into Practice: Improving Oncology Patient Outcomes" (Eaton and Tipton, 2009).
Treatment tolerance is a challenge for most cancer patients, and it is therefore essential that healthcare professionals (HCPs) are quick to recognize adverse events and implement management strategies to address them. Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting in Cancer Patients provides comprehensive guidance on managing nausea and vomiting, which are common and often severe adverse events experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The book refers to the latest American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO), and Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) guidelines and will be a useful resource for oncologists, oncology fellows, general physicians, and other HCPs wishing to learn more about the effective management of chemotherapy-and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients.
This second edition has been updated in a user-friendly layout that makes its comprehensive information extremely accessible. The handbook, written for all physicians who treat cancer patients, provides a survey of current therapeutic concepts of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies in internal oncology. Each individual chapter of this shortened new edition is structured in the same way and features a brief outline or tabular summary of the main aspects of epidemiology, pathology, staging, and diagnosis. The main focus is on the therapeutic strategy, i.e., an interdisciplinary approach to systemic drug therapy. Surgical and radiological concepts of treatment are also covered, as are supportive care, pain relief methods and ethical problems. This title is a must for clinicians and practitioners as well as interns, residents and postgraduate students.
For long, high dose ionizing radiation was considered as a net immune suppressing agent, as shown, among others, by the exquisite radiosensitivity of the lymphoid system to radiation-induced cell killing. However, recent advances in radiobiology and immunology have made this picture more complex. For example, the recognition that radiation-induced bystander effects, share common mediators with various immunological signalling processes, suggests that they are at least partly immune mediated. Another milestone was the finding, in the field of onco-immunology, that local tumor irradiation can modulate the immunogenicity of tumor cells and the anti-tumor immune responsiveness both locally, in the tumor microenvironment, and at systemic level. These observations paved the way for studies exploring optimal combinations of radiotherapy and immunotherapy in order to achieve a synergistic effect to eradicate tumors. However, not all interactions between radiation and the immune system are beneficial, as it was recognized that many of radiation-induced late side effects are also of immune and inflammatory nature. Currently perhaps the most studied field of research in radiation biology is focused around the biological effects of low doses, where many of the observed pathophysiological endpoints are due to mechanisms other than direct radiation-induced cell killing and are immune-related. Finally, it must not be forgotten that the interactions between the ionizing radiations and the immune system are bi-directional, and activation of the immune system also influences the outcome of radiation exposure. This Research Topic brings together 23 articles and aims to give an overview of the complex and very often contradictory nature of the interactions between ionizing radiation and the immune system. Due to its increasing penetrance in the population both through medical diagnostic or environmental sources or during cosmic travel low dose ionizing radiation exposure is becoming a major epidemiological concern world-wide. Several of the articles within the Research Topic specifically address potential long-term health consequences and the underlying mechanisms of low dose radiation exposure. A major intention of the Editors was also to draw the attention of the non-radiobiological scientific community on the fact that ionizing radiation is by far more than purely an immune suppressing agent.
This book is a comprehensive handbook designed for quick reference by medical oncologists on the side-effects of cancer therapy drugs, including the chemotherapeutic drugs. Organised by organ system, it will list the toxicity, side-effects and measures of prevention pertaining to each type of drug used in cancer therapy. The most dangerous side-effects will be given priority so as to alert the reader to their importance.
Effective care of the cancer patient increasingly involves systemic treatment, and as the range of available therapeutic agents continues to expand, the medical oncologist must be fully aware of the combinations. This new edition provides a practical overview of the many treatment choices, and has been fully updated, including discussion of new classification systems, anticancer agents and treatment protocols.
Easily accessible and clinically focused, Abeloff's Clinical Oncology, 6th Edition, covers recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of cancer, cellular and molecular causes of cancer initiation and progression, new and emerging therapies, current trials, and much more. Masterfully authored by an international team of leading cancer experts, it offers clear, practical coverage of everything from basic science to multidisciplinary collaboration on diagnosis, staging, treatment and follow up. - Includes new chapters on Cancer Metabolism and Clinical Trial Designs in Oncology and a standalone chapter on lifestyles and cancer prevention. - Features extensive updates including the latest clinical practice guidelines, decision-making algorithms, and clinical trial implications, as well as new content on precision medicine, genetics, and PET/CT imaging. - Includes revised diagnostic and treatment protocols for medical management, surgical considerations, and radiation oncology therapies, stressing a multispecialty, integrated approach to care. - Helps you find information quickly with updated indexing related to management recommendations, focused fact summaries, updated key points at the beginning of each chapter ideal for quick reference and board review, and algorithms for patient evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment options. - Offers more patient care coverage in disease chapters, plus new information on cancer as a chronic illness and cancer survivorship. - Discusses today's key topics such as immuno-oncology, functional imaging, precision medicine, the application of genetics in pathologic diagnosis and sub-categorization of tumors as well as the association of chronic infectious diseases such as HIV and cancer. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Basic Pharmacology for Nurses is a modern classic nursing pharmacology textbook known for its impeccably accurate drug content and its practical applications of the nursing process. A consistent emphasis on health promotion through monitoring and patient education is a hallmark of the book. Introductory units ground the reader in basic principles of pharmacology and medication administration. Subsequent body-system units apply the nursing process to every major disorder, and appropriate nursing implications are discussed for every drug class to promote safe medication administration. Provides an overview of relevant pathophysiology with an application of the nursing process in each drug chapter, followed by nursing implications for each applicable drug class. Covers the pharmacology of all major classes of drugs, emphasizing side effects to expect, side effects to report, drug interactions, and more. Emphasizes patient education and health promotion with easy-to-recognize Patient Teaching boxes and reproducible Patient Self-Assessment forms on the Evolve site. Provides need-to-know coverage of herbal therapies and dietary supplements with an Herbal and Dietary Supplement Therapy chapter and Complementary and Alternative Therapies boxes throughout. Increased emphasis on medication safety prepares nurses to practice more safely in a clinical environment that is both more pressured and more focused than ever on reducing drug errors. The increased emphasis includes Chapter 7: Principles of Medication Administration, do-not-confuse icons, and an icon to signal ISMP's "high alert" drugs. As the focus on pharmacology on the NCLEX continues to increase, chapter-ending Get Ready for the NCLEX(R) Examination sections include Key Points, Additional Learning Resources, and Review Questions for the NCLEX Examination. Updated coverage of the most recent FDA approvals, withdrawals, and therapeutic uses provide impeccably accurate and current content to ensure safe drug therapy. Updated and streamlined coverage of nursing care with a focus on the need-to-know material helps students focus on the most current, need-to-know content.