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The objective of this research was to make an assessment of the relative performance of recycled versus new asphalt concrete pavement surfaces constructed for airport facilities. To make this assessment, pavement condition index (PCI) surveys and tests on core samples from the hot-mix recycled pavements located on the airports at Needles, California and Valley City, North Dakota were conducted. Both pavements have a condition rating of very good. The survey and test data were compared with those for recycled highway and virgin material Navy airfield pavements. The recycled pavement at Needles is performing as good as those Navy pavements constructed with virgin material. The recycled pavement at Valley City has a higher deterioration rate than the Navy pavements but this could be attributed to the harsh climate found in North Dakota. The results of this study show that hot-mix recycling was successful at these airports but additional studies are required to determine the applicability of Asphalt Concrete (AC) recycling for reconstruction at all airports. Keywords: Recycled concrete, asphalt, pavement surfaces, airport facilities, Navy airfield pavements, hot-mix recycling.
The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in new asphalt mixes replaces a portion of the virgin aggregate and binder, which will help with cost saving in pavement construction as well provide several environmental benefits. Currently, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has no requirements and specifications for the use of RAP in accordance to the FAA Specification P401 and this research will help with the development of such specifications. The objective of this study is to create Superpave mix designs for airfields using RAP and subject them to performance related testing to provide information regarding any issues with the mix design procedure. Another objective of this project is to perform and interpret the results of laboratory testing with regard to the behavior/performance of asphalt mixes containing RAP and evaluate their suitability for use in airport pavements The experimental plan in this study included 10 different hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixes made with three different binder grades (PG 64-22, PG58-28, PG76-22PM), three RAP sources (New York, California, Alabama), and two RAP percentages (25%, 40%). A control mix with no RAP was also tested for comparison. The results of this study will be used to develop mix designs for accelerated pavement testing at the FAA National Aviation Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF) in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The results indicate that meeting the FAA's voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) requirement was problematic and while developing the mix designs with RAP the total binder content had to be reduced in order to meet the current FAA air void and VMA requirements. Performance testing showed that incorporation of RAP will improve the performance properties when compared to their respective control mixes. The statistical analysis showed that percent of RAP (by binder replacement rate) is the most significant factor affecting all performance testing and that binder grade is the least significant factor on all performance testing. It is recommended that results from this study be validated with more performance testing, including additional testing with different binder grades and performance testing for low temperature cracking. There also needs to be more testing on mix designs for airfield pavement with the addition of RAP to develop voids filled with asphalt (VFA) and dust proportion (DP) specifications.
Roads and Airports Pavement Surface Characteristics contains the papers presented at the 9th International Symposium on Pavement Surface Characteristics (SURF 2022, Milan, Italy, 12-14 September 2022). The symposium was jointly organized by the Italian company that manages Italy’s National Roads (ANAS –Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane Group), the World Road Association (PIARC) and Politecnico di Milano. The contributions aim to improve the quality of pavement surface characteristics while accomplishing efficiency, safety, sustainability, and addressing new generation mobility needs. The book covers topics from emerging research to engineering practice, and is divided in the following sections: Advanced and performing construction methods and equipment Next generation mobility Data monitoring and performance assessment Surface features and performances| Maintenance and preservation treatments Pavement management Economic and political strategies Safety and risk issues Minimizing road impacts Sustainability and performances issues about materials and design Pavements surfaces and urban heat islands Weather conditions impact Airport pavements Roads and Airports Pavement Surface Characteristics is of interest to academics, engineers and professionals in the fields of pavement engineering, transport infrastructure, and related disciplines.
This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, pavement designers, highway, material, research, and specification engineers, and others interested in economical methods for reconstructing or rehabilitating asphalt concrete pavements. It describes the processes and equipment used for hot in-place recycling of asphalt concrete and provides information on mix designs, performance, and guidelines for its effective use. A significant amount of the information provided is based on the current practices of state highway agencies. As such, numerous case histories are included in the report.
Laboratory experiments have been conducted on aged asphalt concrete (AC) pavement samples obtained from three Naval airfields and two civil airports to develop and establish criteria and design guidelines for recycling such pavements. In these experiments, tests were conducted on nine agents for softening residual asphalt cements and designed hot- and cold-mix samples. It was found that aged AC pavement materials can be recycled to meet FAA and Navy specifications for new pavement surfaces and base courses by hot-mix recycling procedures and new base courses by cold-mix recycling procedures. Based on the results of this investigation, criteria and design guidelines for recycling aged AC pavements by hot-mix and cold-mix procedures have been established. (Author).
The objective of this study was to develop criteria and guidelines for recycling portland cement concrete (PCC) airport aprons. Included in this study are all aspects of the recycling process including breakup and removal, steel reinforcement removal, crushing, screening, stockpiling, mix design, testing, placing, finishing, and performance. Recycling of PCC requires some specialized equipment such as pavement breakers and electromagnets for steel removal; however, all of the other equipment and procedures are those commonly used in the construction industry. Based on the regression experimental design procedure and laboratory tests conducted on pavement samples from six airports of widely varying age and conditions, it has been conclusively shown that aged PCC pavements can be recycled into new surface courses that meet strength requirements and have the same cyclic load carrying (fatigue) characteristics as those constructed with virgin sand content - 42 percent.
Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) provides many advantages. The performance of a provincial road with an asphalt surface course containing RAP in Zhejiang, China was evaluated. The surface course was prepared by central plant hot mix recycling and virgin asphalt concrete. An AC-13 was chosen as gradation design in all mixes. The performance of asphalt mixture (containing 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % RAP) was evaluated in the laboratory for fatigue resistance condition, moisture susceptibility, high-temperature stability, and low-temperature anti-cracking. Based on the laboratory results, the provincial road was constructed consisting of three sections (corresponding to 0 %, 10 %, and 20 % RAP content) in surface course with a 30-mm depth. The field site has been inspected and observed for 4 years. The field testing included deflection, skid resistance, permeable performance, and evenness evaluations. The laboratory test results show that all the testing indices satisfied the demand of the specifications, except moisture susceptibility and low temperature anti-cracking performance of the recycled asphalt concrete, including 30 % RAP. The inspection data proved that a small percentage of RAP unaffected the surface course performance, but RAP ratios greater than 20 % are not suitable in the mainline for high-volume roadways.