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Barriers to commercial and industrial energy efficiency improvements in Klang Valley, Malaysia are more pronounced due to the existence of factors such as weak policy and regulatory frameworks, economic and financial constraints, lack of information, and other issues. This research utilized a qualitative research methodology using a phenomenology approach aimed at enhancing the knowledge of commercial and industrial energy efficiency in Klang Valley, Malaysia by investigating the barriers associated with the implementation of energy efficiency measure. The eleven main themes and twenty-eight sub-themes identified from the study revealed that energy is poorly managed in the various commercial and industrial sectors and that there is an energy efficiency gap resulting from the low implementation of energy efficiency measures. In addition, the study revealed that the most important factors impeding the implementation of cost-effective energy efficiency technologies in the organizations are principally economic and financial barriers such as lack of budget funding and access to capital. The study also revealed that these economic and financial barriers are linked to the lack of adequate government framework for commercial and industrial energy efficiency. The study also showed that market factors related to cost reductions resulting from lowered energy use and threats of rising energy prices are the most important drivers for adapting energy efficiency technologies. To motivate energy efficiency, there should be established standards, guidelines, roadmaps, regulations, and enforcement of regulation suitable for the local environment, which at present has not been executed completely in Malaysia.
Barriers to commercial and industrial energy efficiency improvements in Klang Valley, Malaysia are more pronounced due to the existence of factors such as weak policy and regulatory frameworks, economic and financial constraints, lack of information, and other issues. This research utilized a qualitative research methodology using a phenomenology approach aimed at enhancing the knowledge of commercial and industrial energy efficiency in Klang Valley, Malaysia by investigating the barriers associated with the implementation of energy efficiency measure. The eleven main themes and twenty-eight sub-themes identified from the study revealed that energy is poorly managed in the various commercial and industrial sectors and that there is an energy efficiency gap resulting from the low implementation of energy efficiency measures. In addition, the study revealed that the most important factors impeding the implementation of cost-effective energy efficiency technologies in the organizations are principally economic and financial barriers such as lack of budget funding and access to capital. The study also revealed that these economic and financial barriers are linked to the lack of adequate government framework for commercial and industrial energy efficiency. The study also showed that market factors related to cost reductions resulting from lowered energy use and threats of rising energy prices are the most important drivers for adapting energy efficiency technologies. To motivate energy efficiency, there should be established standards, guidelines, roadmaps, regulations, and enforcement of regulation suitable for the local environment, which at present has not been executed completely in Malaysia.
The primary aim of this reference volume is to provide an accessible and comprehensive review of current methods used to address resource evaluation and environmental as well as climate issues, and in a manner easily understood by decision-makers and the non-economists interested in environmental policy matters. Theoretical insight and empirical observations from various countries will be presented and recommendations on sustainable environmental decision-making will be given. Natural resource managers, environmental and climate decision-makers, government policy makers, and economics scholars will all find this volume to be an essential reference.
Since the mid-1990s, the emergence of a hydrogen economy and the speed with which it will arrive have been vigorously debated. As a disruptive technology, dominant designs for the production, storage and distribution of hydrogen have not yet been established. Neither have performance characteristics been achieved to compete with the existing combustion engine, though the efficiency and durability of hydrogen fuel cells are improving. This publication highlights the uncertainties involved in making choices about hydrogen and fuel cells in planning the development policies on national energy, environment and transport sector.--Publisher's description.
The result of two years work by 19 experienced policymakers and two Nobel prize-winning economists, 'The Growth Report' is the most complete analysis to date of the ingredients which, if used in the right country-specific recipe, can deliver growth and help lift populations out of poverty.
This book contains selected papers presented during the World Renewable Energy Network’s 28thanniversary congress at the University of Kingston in London. The forum highlighted the integration of renewables and sustainable buildings as the best means to combat climate change. In-depth chapters written by the world’s leading experts highlight the most current research and technological breakthroughs and discuss policy, renewable energy technologies and applications in all sectors – for heating and cooling, agricultural applications, water, desalination, industrial applications and for the transport sectors. Presents cutting-edge research in green building and renewable energy from all over the world; Covers the most up-to-date research developments, government policies, business models, best practices and innovations; Contains case studies and examples to enhance practical application of the technologies.
Modelled on the concept of Industry 4.0, the idea of Construction 4.0 is based on a confluence of trends and technologies that promise to reshape the way built environment assets are designed, constructed, and operated. With the pervasive use of Building Information Modelling (BIM), lean principles, digital technologies, and offsite construction, the industry is at the cusp of this transformation. The critical challenge is the fragmented state of teaching, research, and professional practice in the built environment sector. This handbook aims to overcome this fragmentation by describing Construction 4.0 in the context of its current state, emerging trends and technologies, and the people and process issues that surround the coming transformation. Construction 4.0 is a framework that is a confluence and convergence of the following broad themes discussed in this book: Industrial production (prefabrication, 3D printing and assembly, offsite manufacture) Cyber-physical systems (actuators, sensors, IoT, robots, cobots, drones) Digital and computing technologies (BIM, video and laser scanning, AI and cloud computing, big data and data analytics, reality capture, Blockchain, simulation, augmented reality, data standards and interoperability, and vertical and horizontal integration) The aim of this handbook is to describe the Construction 4.0 framework and consequently highlight the resultant processes and practices that allow us to plan, design, deliver, and operate built environment assets more effectively and efficiently by focusing on the physical-to-digital transformation and then digital-to-physical transformation. This book is essential reading for all built environment and AEC stakeholders who need to get to grips with the technological transformations currently shaping their industry, research, and teaching.