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Envisager la pensée d'un écrivain que la tradition ne tient pas pour un penseur - et dont les textes n’épargnent pas la prétention philosophique -, peut paraître paradoxal, voire naïf. Mais ce serait oublier que la réflexion prend bien des chemins et que la littérature est un espace de pensée. Il faudrait, par conséquent, plutôt s’étonner du fait qu'il puisse sembler anormal d'interroger la pensée d’un écrivain. Mais Ie terrain est, il est vrai, miné... Mieux vaut repartir sur des bases modestes et claires, d'après quelques constats. Ainsi, concernant Marivaux, est-il frappant de relever l'importance que tiennent les réflexions dans ses textes. Rien de plus légitime dès lors que de se demander si ces pensées, apparemment décousues, n'entrent pas dans une conception ordonnée du réel et de « l’humanité ». Il ne s’agit pas pour autant d’en revenir à une position simpliste consistant à attribuer à chaque auteur une conception du monde à partir d’un relevé de ses affirmations explicites ou implicites. Plutôt que de se fourvoyer dans un exposé artificiellement complet de la pensée de Marivaux, il paraît plus intéressant de faire quelques pas en direction de ce qui est pensé dans les textes de Marivaux.
The last thirty years have seen a renewed interest in the novels, plays, and essays of Marivaux. Each year more of his work is made available to the public in partial editions. More and better studies have appeared, superseding the old and, in the last thirty years, almost all of his plays have been performed. Today no corder of his work remains unexplored: our knowledge of his life, which had been until recently a tissue of fancy and anecdote, has been enhanced by the discovery of a few facts. This critical study of the entire body of Marviaux's writings sets out to tell whether this attention represents a securely established place for Marivaux among the great French writers, or simply a vogue. It consists of a careful analysis of the individual works, in chronological order rather than in systematic groups, as is customary, showing the development of Marivaux's thinking, and the intimate relationship among the plays, novels, and essays of any given period. A history of the reception of the works, by scholars and critics from Marivaux's time to the present, presents succinctly the historical perspective through which the modern reader may understand the long indifference to Marivaux in France and his contemporary "discovery." Professor Greene's work will be of great value to all students of the eighteenth century in France. Because of his lively interest in the theatre arts it will also be valuable for directors planning to produce the plays of Marivaux.
Cronk presents a pioneering study of French neoclassical poetics and poetic theory, with emphasis on Platonic influences.
Blending history and architecture with literary analysis, this ground-breaking study explores the convent's place in the early modern imagination. The author brackets her account between two pivotal events: the Council of Trent imposing strict enclosure on cloistered nuns, and the French Revolution expelling them from their cloisters two centuries later. In the intervening time, women within convent walls were both captives and refugees from an outside world dominated by patriarchal power and discourses. Yet despite locks and bars, the cloister remained "porous" to privileged visitors. Others could catch a glimpse of veiled nuns through the elaborate grills separating cloistered space from the church, provoking imaginative accounts of convent life. Not surprisingly, the figure of the confined religious woman represents an intensified object of desire in male-authored narrative. The convent also spurred "feminutopian" discourses composed by women: convents become safe houses for those fleeing bad marriages or trying to construct an ideal, pastoral life, as a counter model to the male-dominated court or household. Recent criticism has identified certain privileged spaces that early modern women made their own: the ruelle, the salon, the hearth of fairy tale-telling. Woshinsky's book definitively adds the convent to this list.
"Eighteenth-century sensibilite has always been controversial. In fact, the term itself refers to complex forms of physical and emotional responsiveness, and Lewis's study investigates the fictional exploration of various key problems of sentimental response that were at the heart of eighteenth-century moral, epistemological and aesthetic debates. These are analysed in conjunction with some of the actual (often emotional) responses that the term, its fictions and images have provoked through time, including an indispensable survey of the varying construction of sensibilite as an object of study, and the polemics subtending its definition. The verbal evocation of the visual in the form of 'spectacles' and 'signs' was understood in the eighteenth century as having an especially powerful impact. Lewis provides a new reading of the theme of sensibility by analysing the 'textual images' in three best-selling novels from the mid-century: Graffigny's Lettres d'une Peruvienne, Marivaux's La Vie de Marianne and Rousseau's Julie. The examination of a largely neglected corpus of illustrations, understood as readings of each text, provides striking new evidence of the complexity, thematic richness and duplicity of these spectacles, whose power to provoke different reactions is perhaps their most interesting characteristic."
This book explores ideas about human physical appearance expressed in French novels of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as well as the pseudoscience of physiognomy that influenced them. Physiognomy, which purports to "read" the body as an index to spiritual, intellectual, or moral qualities, had its greatest proponent in the eighteenth century Swiss theoretician Johann Caspar Lavater. In addition to closely reading the fictional narratives of Marivaux, Balzac, Gautier, and Zola, the author offers a critical reading of Lavater's work. He looks at some of the most compelling and explicit literary treatments of physiognomy in the French canon, suggesting that the ways authors use physiognomical ideas to render the world "hyper-significant" poses fundamental questions about the nature of narrative itself. He also shows how physiognomy serves almost invariably as a tool of sexism as it attempts to ascribe intellectual or moral qualities on the basis of corporal features. Linked by more than their physiognomical themes, these novels share similar dynamics of reading, rhetoric, and representation.