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While risky sexual behavior can lead to negative consequences such as sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy, sexual behavior also is a healthy part of human development. By understanding the social and cognitive processes that influence sexual behavior choices during adolescence and young adulthood, we will be better able to promote positive sexual health and reduce risky sexual behavior and its negative consequences, included sexually transmitted infection and unintended pregnancy. This dissertation examined three sets of questions related to sexual behavior during adolescence and young adulthood. The first study used structural equation modeling and found that the data supported many of the prosocial developmental paths described by the social development model, for example a positive family and school environment predicted prosocial norms and healthy beliefs, which in turn predicted a later age of sexual initiation. The second study used latent class analysis to identify five classes of sexual behavior from ages 19 to 23. The study showed that while young adult men and women exhibit similar patterns of sexual behavior, there were important differences in the levels of individual sexual risk behaviors within the behavior patterns and in the proportion of males and females estimated to be in the Higher Risky Sex class. This study also showed that risk and protective socialization processes during adolescence impact sexual behavior during young adulthood. The third study used the 5 identified latent classes of sexual behavior, and found that these classes differentially predict health and social outcomes at age 24. These studies have several implications, including providing support for enhancing prosocial environments at the family, school, and peer levels, providing insight into specific health messaging for young adults to improve their sexual health, and the importance of contextualizing sexual behavior as one component of overall health that is linked to other areas of a person's health.
More than 1 million teenage girls in the United States become pregnant each year; nearly half give birth. Why do these young people, who are hardly more than children themselves, become parents? This volume reviews in detail the trends in and consequences of teenage sexual behavior and offers thoughtful insights on the issues of sexual initiation, contraception, pregnancy, abortion, adoption, and the well-being of adolescent families. It provides a systematic assessment of the impact of various programmatic approaches, both preventive and ameliorative, in light of the growing scientific understanding of the topic.
In this classic edition top scholars in family research examine the nature and origin of adolescents’ contemporary patterns of sexual and romantic relationships, from the evolutionary roots of these behaviors to policies and programs that represent best practices for addressing these issues in schools and communities. The text offers interdisciplinary expertise from scholars of psychology, social work, sociology, demography, economics, human development and family studies, and public policy. Adolescents and young adults today face very different choices about family formation than did their parents’ generation, given such societal changes as the rise in cohabitation, the increase in divorce rates, and families having fewer children. This book examines these demographic trends and provides a backdrop against which adolescents and emerging adults form and maintain romantic and sexual relationships. This book addresses such questions as: *What are the ways in which early family and peer relationships give rise to romantic relationships in the late adolescent and early adult years? *How do early romantic and sexual relationships influence individuals’ subsequent development and life choices, including family formation? *To what extent are current trends in romantic and sexual relationships in adolescence and emerging adulthood problematic for individuals, families, and communities, and what are the most effective ways to address these issues at the level of practice, program, and policy? Ideal as a supplement in graduate or advanced undergraduate courses on interpersonal (romantic) relationships, adolescent development, human sexuality, couples and/or family and conflict, sociology of children and youth, family therapy taught in human development and family studies, clinical or counseling psychology, social work, sociology, communications, and human sexuality this book also appreciated by researchers and clinicians/counselors who work with families and adolescents.
Debra A. Hope The Nebraska Symposium on Motivation is steeped in history and tradition. Over the years the series editors have striven to maintain the highest standards of a- demic excellence and to highlight some of the most important trends in psychology. Perusing the chapter titles in the first 53 volumes shows the shifting emphasis as the science of psychology developed in the latter half of the twentieth century. All of the most important topics are there — drive theory, social learning, the cognitive revolution, developing perspectives on understanding individual differences and the role of culture, and the increasing role of neuroscience. The key figures are there as well — Harry Harlow, Kenneth Spence, Raymond Cattell, George Kelly, Albert Bandura, Carl Rogers, Carroll Izard, Walter Mischel, Sandra Bem, Sandra Spence, Herbert Simon, David Barlow, and many others. In late 2004, I met with a group of interested graduate students, and together we developed a proposal to join this long and proud tradition with a volume on sexual orientation. Our motivation stemmed, in part, from the events around us. The same-sex m- riage debate was covered extensively in the media, reflecting a rapid and important discussion about sexual orientation that we were having (and are still having) as a society. Psychology and related fields have much to offer on many of the issues raised in this debate.
Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
The topic of adolescent sexual behavior and childbearing at once entails multiple issues related to sexual activity, development, and parenting--each with its own sweeping consequences. Adolescent Sexual Behavior and Childbearing integrates current findings to provide a comprehensive approach to this topic by examining research from diverse perspectives. Discussions of the biological, sociocultural, and interpersonal forces and influences impinging on adolescents are thoughtfully delivered--and patterns of sexual activity, contraceptive use, abortion, single-parenthood, adolescent relationships, and prenatal care are carefully delineated. Interventions to prevent adolescent pregnancy are also provided, making this a resource that yields a powerful statement of the issues for research and social policy. "This is a book that should find a place in the working libraries of all persons interested in adolescent sexuality and pregnancy prevention." --Journal of Perinatology
Discusses the sexual behavior of Israeli youth.
Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.
"Scientific theory is essential to research on sexuality and sexual experiences in emerging adulthood. Theory serves a number of important functions for research, including prediction and explanation. Research has often utilized theory to help enhance what we know about sexuality among those in the developmental period of emerging adulthood. In this chapter we offer a primer on theories that have been used regularly when studying sex and relationships using emerging adult samples, including Life Course Development Theory, Symbolic Interactionism, Social Exchange Theory, and The Theory of Sexual Possible Selves. At the conclusion of our discussion of these theories and their role in guiding research and explaining findings on sex and sexuality, we offer theoretical directions to enhance the rigor of the use of theory in future research on sexual experiences among emerging adults"--