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In recent decades, political scientists have produced an enormous body of scholarship dealing with the U.S. Congress, and in particular congressional organization. However, most of this research has focused on Congress in the twentieth century—especially the post-New Deal era—and the long history of Congress has been largely neglected. The contributors to this book demonstrate that this inattention to congressional history has denied us many rich opportunities to more fully understand the evolution and functioning of the modern Congress. In striking contrast to the modern era, which is marked by only modest partisan realignment and institutional change, the period preceding the New Deal was a time of rapid and substantial change in Congress. During the nation’s first 150 years, parties emerged, developed, and realigned; the standing rules of the House and Senate expanded and underwent profound changes; the workload of Congress increased dramatically; and both houses grew considerably in size. Studying history is valuable in large part because it allows scholars to observe greater variation in many of the parameters of their theories, and to test their core assumptions. A historical approach pushes scholars to recognize and confront the limits of their theories, resulting in theories that have increased validity and broader applicability. Thus, incorporating history into political science gives us a more dynamic view of Congress than the relatively static picture that emerges from a strict focus on recent periods. Each contributor engages one of three general questions that have animated the literature on congressional politics in recent years: What is the role of party organizations in policy making? In what ways have congressional process and procedure changed over the years? How does congressional process and procedure affect congressional politics and policy?
The authors in this edited volume examine the political economy of the history of Congress by showing how changes in Congressional practices and institutions are related to key economic and political events.
This work addresses the development of congressional practices and institutions and ties the changes to key political and economic events. In connecting political and economic events with changes in Congress, the authors examine the political economy of the history of Congress. They draw upon history to offer insights about contemporary issues such as party polarization, filibuster reform, direct election of politicians, intercameral bargaining, and the role of committees in the political process. Through this approach the authors help us to understand how politics and economics interact to affect Congress.
This book argues that, despite the scholarly emphasis on 20th-century congressional history, it is necessary to study the nation's first 150 years in order to understand more fully the evolution and functioning of the modern Congress.
Excerpt from Democracy and the Organization of Political Parties, Vol. 2 of 2 Pac! IV. The legal formation of the electoral contingents by registra tion. Although attended by certain restrictions on the right of voting, American registration is not sumciently careful in guarding the exercise of this right, which is considered rather as a right of the individual. The opposition which the introduction of a system of preliminary registration of the electors had encountered in the American democracy. Sketch of the mode of registration in force in the various States the selection of the oficials in charge of registration. The intervention of the party Organizations. The frauds of colonization and others; how they are encouraged by the system of personal application, by the shortness of the legal terms, and by the in uence of the parties on the choice of the registration oficers. The naturalization of aliens in view of the elections and the abuses to which it gives rise V. The reconnoitring of the electoral ground. The poll. How its indications, while having a general significance for the whole Union, differ for each political subdivision. The importance of the operations of the poll in the doubtful States. How far its results can be depended on. Its practical use 306 The election meetings. The lavish employment of them dur ing the presidential campaign and their limited number in the off years. How the committees organize the meet ings; the selection oi the speakers; how they are coached up and matched to their audiences. The predominant char acter of stump eloquence and how it corresponds with the American temperament. How the great political eloquence has declined owing to the fall of the leadership and to the deterioration of representative government, caused by the system of secret legislative committees and by the advent of the Machine (speeches are made for Buncombe only, all that is needed is to get the How the extraordinary development of the press and the change in the nature of political problems has contributed to the decline of political eloquence. Far from becoming business like, stump speaking rather takes the frivolous language of after-dinner speeches for its model. However, the quality of speeches at meetings has improved somewhat under the in uence of the economic discussions started in the country, and owing to the harangues of eminent orators delivered on the stump for want of another rostrum. But the absence of elevation in political character often brings the best speakers down to the level of gladiators, and still more the inferior ones. The workshop talkers and the spouters at street crossings. The joint debates have almost ceased to exist; the part played by them in the South of old days. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."
The political parties in Congress are as polarized as they have been in 100 years. This book examines more than 30 years of congressional history to understand how it is that the Democrats and Republicans on Capitol Hill have become so divided. It finds that two steps were critical for this development. First, the respective parties' constituencies became more politically and ideologically aligned. Second, members ceded more power to their party leaders, who implemented procedures more frequently and with greater consequence. In fact, almost the entire rise in party polarization can be accounted for in the increasing frequency of and polarization on procedures used during the legislative process.
As the U.S. Congress has steadily evolved, so too has our understanding of the institution. New Directions in Congressional Politics offers an accessible overview of the current developments in our understanding of America’s legislative branch. Jamie L. Carson helps students bridge the gap between roles, rules, and outcomes by focusing on four themes woven throughout: the importance of electoral considerations, legislators’ strategic behavior to accomplish objectives, the unique challenges of Congress as a bicameral institution, and the often-overlooked policy outputs of the institution. This book brings together leading scholars of Congress to provide a general overview of the entire field. Each chapter covers the cutting edge developments on its respective topic. As the political institution responsible for enacting laws, the American public regularly looks to the U.S. Congress to address the important issues of the day. The contributors in this volume help explain why staying atop the research trends help us better understand these issues.