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Providing access to clean water continues to be a challenge for governments. To date, at least 1.8 billion people use drinking water sources that are contaminated and an estimated 663 million people across the globe do not have access to improved drinking water sources. The selected case briefs provide an insight on the various partnerships created to improve local water utility operations and service delivery provision. Find out how peer-to-peer learning and mentoring can be used to spread expertise and best practices in the field of water utility operations to further improve sustainable water and wastewater service delivery.
This book examines the role played by business in urban water governance by analyzing the evolution of the global private water sector along with four public-private partnerships in Mexico and the U.S. The local nature of water services often hides the global developments behind the rise of transnational water corporations, which have gone from being local operators to becoming dynamic and powerful actors within an interconnected transnational space for water. This book focuses on the French groups Veolia and Suez, two of the most prominent private actors in global water governance, and the development and adaptation strategies of both companies in the cities of Aguascalientes, Mexico City, Atlanta, and Milwaukee over the past 30 years. Drawing on over 100 interviews conducted with corporate executives, public authorities, and local users of water services, this book moves beyond the simplistic dichotomy of the public-private debate and develops a theoretical framework that analyzes the economic and political power wielded by transnational business actors in global water governance. Not only does the book explain how Veolia and Suez strategically mobilize resources at difference scales in order to expand their global operations, but it also provides a nuanced picture of how state regulation remains of central importance to understanding the dynamics and evolution of the global water sector. Students and scholars interested in business and the environment, including public-private partnerships, business management and transnational corporations, and water governance, will find this book of great interest as will professionals and policymakers working in these fields.
Ensuring quality and affordability in the water services is a fundamental requirement for the social, economic and environmental development of modern societies. Achieving this goal requires dealing with a large diversity of challenges, such as efficiency, investment, governance, procurement and sustainability, while ensuring the alignment of the stakeholder's objectives, often with conflicting expectations. Public-private Partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a desirable model for Governments to develop and improve water services, particularly due to the shortage of public financing. Although PPPs have proven to be able to deliver value for money in public services provision, the empirical evidence also shows that there are significant risks in the use of this procurement model. Public-Private Partnerships in the Water Sector: From Theory to Practice provides an integrated overview of the life-cycle process for successfully developing and managing PPPs, from the preliminary studies and public tender stage to the contract management and regulation, and also addressing the critical issues on contract design. It provides the theoretical background for the use of PPPs, and addresses the challenging question of implementing and managing PPPs in developing economies. This is a unique manual for those engaged in the water sector and, particularly for Central and Local Governments, private sector operators and academics dealing with the provision of water services and private sector participation in public services. Contents Introduction to the PPPs; The Water sector and the potential use of PPPs; The design of the PPPs contracts: the major Y and N; The preliminary studies and the public tender stage; The contract risk matrix and the problem of renegotiation; The contract management and the regulation of PPPs; The case of institutionalized PPPs or the mixed companies; The use of PPPs in the developing world; The worldwide experience of PPPs in the water sector; Best practices case studies; Concluding remarks Authors: Rui Cunha Marques - Instituto Superior Técnico - Universidade de Lisboa - Lisbon - Portugal Carlos Oliveira Cruz - Instituto Superior Técnico - Universidade de Lisboa - Lisbon - Portugal
"Abstract: As the era of the Millennium Development Goals draws to an end in 2015, the United Nations members along with World leaders will negotiate how to include water and sanitation targets as part of the Sustainable Development Goals. It is estimated globally that close to 1 billion (14 %) of the human population still lacks access to safe drinking water and over 2.4 billion (36 %) people lack access to improved sanitation services. It is thus essential to examine the mechanisms that have been developed by the United Nations to increase access to water and sanitation services. This thesis aims to provide an exploratory analysis on the role of collaborative water partnerships known as the Water Operators' Partnership. These partnerships were developed by the United Nations to increase access to water and sanitation services in developing countries. Water Operators' Partnerships are not for profit public - public, public - private, private - private partnerships. There has been limited empirical research on the participation of North American Water Utilities in these alternative types of partnerships. In this research, this gap is partially addressed through the examination of the Belize Water Service - Contra Costa Water District, is the first Water Operators' Partnership between a North American and a Central American water utility. Through the exploration of the Belize Water Service - Contra Costa Water District case study, this thesis will highlight the need for decision makers to characterize water resources in terms of plural values operating within the Water Operators' Partnerships framework. This research used observations, interviews and participation in job shadowing sessions completed in the field as part of Belize Water Service - Contra Costa Water District Water Operators' Partnership documenting process. Archival documents were also collected from various stakeholders. Contextual factors such as political, socio-economic and environmental defining how water operators' function, were also examined through an extensive literature review. The reliance of Contra Costa Water District on market mechanisms and technological solutions for addressing water allocation issues has resulted in a techno-centric value system for resolving water distribution issues. The dual role of the Inter-American Development Bank in the funding of the Belize Water Service - Contra Costa Water District Water Operators' Partnership as well as the development of a water and sanitation project in Belize has characterized this particular WOP as a hierarchical partnership focused on capacity subsitution rather than capacity development. Accordingly, the Belize Water Service - Contra Costa Water District Water Operators' Partnership requires re-structuring to allow for polycentric governance framing that recognizes the plural values that different actors ascribe to water resources. Introducing polycentric governance in the development of collaborative partnerships such as WOPs will enhance the chance of increasing access to improved water and sanitation services for rural and poorer segments of the population. Finally a multitiered WOP framework is proposed in this research, identifying the need to consider several levels of intervention while recognizing their interdependence in order to ensure a sustainable and equitable delivery of water and sanitation services in both the urban and rural sectors in developing countries.Keywords: SDGs, water and sanitation, multitiered Water Operators' Partnership, Polycentric governance." --
The conservation of water resources together with environment protection will be a challenge for the European Union within the 21st century. Water management nowadays involves the cooperation of farmers, societies, industry and public administration. The solution based model of water protection in this book describes the creation of local water partnerships by local actors and stakeholders for the management of local water resources. These local water partnerships will enable the integration of the local community to comprehensively solve problems related to water security, while also cooperating with neighbouring partnerships. The local water strategy is based on local needs and priorities with reference to regional, national and global objectives. This strategy also provides for environment and species protection, as envisioned by the New Green Deal and the current EU actions to make the key economic sectors more resistant to climate change. The model for water protection can also be used to reduce the carbon footprint and environmental transformation within Europe.
'Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities: A Review of Experiences in Developing Countries' analyzes the market growth of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the developing world since 1990, and the performance of more than 65 large water PPP projects representing more than 100 million people for access, service quality, operational efficiency, and tariff levels. Although a relatively small portion of the water utilities in the developing world are operated under PPPs (about 7 percent in 2007), the urban population served by private water operators has grown every year since 1990. Despite many difficulties encountered by PPP projects and a few contract terminations, a large majority of contracts awarded since 1990 are still in place. The track record for improving service and efficiency reaffirms the value of PPPs to help turn around poorly performing water utilities, even though the level of private financing did not match initial expectations. Over time, a more realistic market has developed, the number of private investors from developing countries has grown, and contract designs have become more pragmatic concerning risk allocations between partners. The water sector has many features that set it apart from other infrastructure sectors. This book suggests the need for careful consideration of those specificities to successfully involve private operators. Although concessions with private financing have worked in a few places, contractual arrangements that combine private operation with public financing appear to be the most sustainable option in many countries. Policy makers, stakeholders, and donors need to remain heavily engaged in the water sector, especially in the poorest countries and during a global financial crisis. This book contributes to a better understanding of the various options to tackle the many challenges of providing water and sanitation services to urban populations in the developing world.
There is no question that water pricing and public-private partnership can improve water management practices in the future. However, this concept is neither the cure-all many proponents argue, nor the disaster its opponents forecast. Providing a comprehensive and objective assessment of what does and does not work, where, why and under what circumstances, this informative collection assesses the social, economic, equity and institutional implications. This cohesive set of carefully selected essays, the result of The Third World Centre for Water Management and the Inter-American Development Bank's decision to objectively and critically assess the experiences in these areas, transcends the current dogmatic debate on these complex issues. Providing an in-depth analysis and assessment of the main issues and constraints of water pricing, private sector participation and their affect on water supply, the collection draws on illustrative case studies from Argentina, Brazil, the USA and Western European countries amongst others. This is a special issue of the Journal of Water Resource Development.