Download Free Parallelism In Logic Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Parallelism In Logic and write the review.

Constraint Logic Programming (CLP), an area of extreme research interest in recent years, extends the semantics of Prolog in such a way that the combinatorial explosion, a characteristic of most problems in the field of Artificial Intelligence, can be tackled efficiently. By employing solvers dedicated to each domain instead of the unification algorithm, CLP drastically reduces the search space of the problem, which leads to increased efficiency in the execution of logic programs. CLP offers the possibility of solving complex combinatorial problems in an efficient way, and at the same time maintains the advantages offered by the declarativeness of logic programming. The aim of this book is to present parallel and constraint logic programming, offering a basic understanding of the two fields to the reader new to the area. The first part of the book gives an introduction to the fundamental aspects of conventional logic programming which is necessary for understanding the parts that follow. The second part includes an introduction to parallel logic programming, architectures and implementations proposed in the area. Finally, the third part presents the principles of constraint logic programming. The last two parts also include descriptions of the supporting facilities for the two paradigms in two popular systems; ECLIPSe and SICStus. These platforms have been selected mainly because they offer both parallel and constraint features. Annotated and explained examples are also included in the relevant parts, offering a valuable guide and a first practical experience to the reader. Finally, applications of the covered paradigms are presented. The authors felt that a book of this kind should provide some theoretical background necessary for the understanding of the covered logic programming paradigms, and a quick start for the reader interested in writing parallel and constraint logic programming programs. However it is outside the scope of this book to provide a deep theoretical background of the two areas. In that sense, this book is addressed to a public interested in obtaining a knowledge of the domain, without spending the time and effort to understand the extensive theoretical work done in the field – namely postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students in the area of logic programming. This book fills a gap in the current bibliography, since there is no comprehensive book of this level that covers the areas of conventional, parallel, and constraint logic programming. Parallel and Constraint Logic Programming: An Introduction to Logic, Parallelism and Constraints is appropriate for an advanced level course on Logic Programming or Constraints, and as a reference for practitioners and researchers in industry.
P-Prolog is put forward as an alternative proposal to the difficulties faced in the main research areas of parallel logic programmings, which have been studied. P-Prolog provides the advantages of guarded Horn clauses while retaining don't know non-determinism where required. This monograph presents also an or-tree model and an implementation scheme for it, to combine and- and or- parallelism with reasonable efficiency. The model and implementation scheme discussed can be applied to P-Prolog and other parallel logic languages.
Parallel and distributed computation has been gaining a great lot of attention in the last decades. During this period, the advances attained in computing and communication technologies, and the reduction in the costs of those technolo gies, played a central role in the rapid growth of the interest in the use of parallel and distributed computation in a number of areas of engineering and sciences. Many actual applications have been successfully implemented in various plat forms varying from pure shared-memory to totally distributed models, passing through hybrid approaches such as distributed-shared memory architectures. Parallel and distributed computation differs from dassical sequential compu tation in some of the following major aspects: the number of processing units, independent local dock for each unit, the number of memory units, and the programming model. For representing this diversity, and depending on what level we are looking at the problem, researchers have proposed some models to abstract the main characteristics or parameters (physical components or logical mechanisms) of parallel computers. The problem of establishing a suitable model is to find a reasonable trade-off among simplicity, power of expression and universality. Then, be able to study and analyze more precisely the behavior of parallel applications.
These are the proceedings of the First International Conference on Compu- tional Logic (CL 2000) which was held at Imperial College in London from 24th to 28th July, 2000. The theme of the conference covered all aspects of the theory, implementation, and application of computational logic, where computational logic is to be understood broadly as the use of logic in computer science. The conference was collocated with the following events: { 6th International Conference on Rules and Objects in Databases (DOOD 2000) { 10th International Workshop on Logic-based Program Synthesis and Tra- formation (LOPSTR 2000) { 10th International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming (ILP 2000). CL 2000 consisted of seven streams: { Program Development (LOPSTR 2000) { Logic Programming: Theory and Extensions { Constraints { Automated Deduction: Putting Theory into Practice { Knowledge Representation and Non-monotonic Reasoning { Database Systems (DOOD 2000) { Logic Programming: Implementations and Applications. The LOPSTR 2000 workshop constituted the program development stream and the DOOD 2000 conference constituted the database systems stream. Each stream had its own chair and program committee, which autonomously selected the papers in the area of the stream. Overall, 176 papers were submitted, of which 86 were selected to be presented at the conference and appear in these proceedings. The acceptance rate was uniform across the streams. In addition, LOPSTR 2000 accepted about 15 extended abstracts to be presented at the conference in the program development stream.
This text provides an excellent balance of theory and application that enables you to deploy powerful algorithms, frameworks, and methodologies to solve complex optimization problems in a diverse range of industries. Each chapter is written by leading experts in the fields of parallel and distributed optimization. Collectively, the contributions serve as a complete reference to the field of combinatorial optimization, including details and findings of recent and ongoing investigations.
Uses a single, coherent discussion to introduce the concept of parallel logic programming--its languages, procedural programming and debugging capabilities. Also contains an implementation (program and related code) of a parallel logic computational model and related explanation. Numerous illustrative examples help clarify what is new and essential in PLP.
Highly parallel machines have been available for many years but, because advances in hardware have always outpaced progress in software development, designers and users of these machines have yet to realize their full potential. Until recently there have been few, if any, high-class parallel programming languages that could be implemented on the wide variety of parallel processing systems in use. This book helps to redress the balance by teaching programming techniques as well as performance analysis of parallel programming languages and architectures using logic programming; specifically, it focuses on the Prolog-like languages OR-parallel Prolog and AND-parallel FGHC. Parallel Logic Programmingbrings to light practical applications of a previously esoteric/theoretical area of parallel logic programming and is unique in presenting programming hand-in-hand with performance analysis of real empirical measurements. Its quantitative approach to symbolic parallel programming provides students and professionals with tools for implementing and critically evaluating larger projects. The book includes useful chapter summaries, programming projects, and a glossary.
This volume contains most of the papers presented at the 6th Logic Programming Conference held in Tokyo, June 22-24, 1987. It is the successor of Lecture Notes in Computer Science volumes 221 and 264. The contents cover foundations, programming, architecture and applications. Topics of particular interest are constraint logic programming and parallelism. The effort to apply logic programming to large-scale realistic problems is another important subject of these proceedings.
Containing over 300 entries in an A-Z format, the Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing provides easy, intuitive access to relevant information for professionals and researchers seeking access to any aspect within the broad field of parallel computing. Topics for this comprehensive reference were selected, written, and peer-reviewed by an international pool of distinguished researchers in the field. The Encyclopedia is broad in scope, covering machine organization, programming languages, algorithms, and applications. Within each area, concepts, designs, and specific implementations are presented. The highly-structured essays in this work comprise synonyms, a definition and discussion of the topic, bibliographies, and links to related literature. Extensive cross-references to other entries within the Encyclopedia support efficient, user-friendly searchers for immediate access to useful information. Key concepts presented in the Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing include; laws and metrics; specific numerical and non-numerical algorithms; asynchronous algorithms; libraries of subroutines; benchmark suites; applications; sequential consistency and cache coherency; machine classes such as clusters, shared-memory multiprocessors, special-purpose machines and dataflow machines; specific machines such as Cray supercomputers, IBM’s cell processor and Intel’s multicore machines; race detection and auto parallelization; parallel programming languages, synchronization primitives, collective operations, message passing libraries, checkpointing, and operating systems. Topics covered: Speedup, Efficiency, Isoefficiency, Redundancy, Amdahls law, Computer Architecture Concepts, Parallel Machine Designs, Benmarks, Parallel Programming concepts & design, Algorithms, Parallel applications. This authoritative reference will be published in two formats: print and online. The online edition features hyperlinks to cross-references and to additional significant research. Related Subjects: supercomputing, high-performance computing, distributed computing
Foundations of Deductive Databases and Logic Programming focuses on the foundational issues concerning deductive databases and logic programming. The selection first elaborates on negation in logic programming and towards a theory of declarative knowledge. Discussions focus on model theory of stratified programs, fixed point theory of nonmonotonic operators, stratified programs, semantics for negation in terms of special classes of models, relation between closed world assumption and the completed database, negation as a failure, and closed world assumption. The book then takes a look at negation as failure using tight derivations for general logic programs, declarative semantics of logic programs with negation, and declarative semantics of deductive databases and logic programs. The publication tackles converting AND-control to OR-control by program transformation, optimizing dialog, equivalences of logic programs, unification, and logic programming and parallel complexity. Topics include parallelism and structured and unstructured data, parallel algorithms and complexity, solving equations, most general unifiers, systems of equations and inequations, equivalences of logic programs, and optimizing recursive programs. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in pursuing further studies on the foundations of deductive databases and logic programming.