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The papers comprise background information and discussion guidelines by the FAO Secretariat; a thorough and exhaustive review of the concepts that have been used to define fishery subsidies; a review of the published assessment of the public sector subsidies to the fishery sector and their impact on trade of fish and fish products and fishery resource sustainability; and a review of methodologies used to assess the trade-distorting impact of subsidies to the fishery sector.
The consultation reviewed an FAO guide for identifying, assessing and reporting on subsidies. It recommended that FAO support Members in undertaking studies based on the guide. The experts considered it important that available methodologies be used to assess impacts flowing from actions taken by recipients of subsidies on environment, trade, economic growth and social conditions.
The Consultation defined four sets of subsidies and recommended that these " Sets of subsidies" be referred to in future discussions and analysis of subsidies. The experts concluded that empirical knowledge of impact is extremely weak. This is true both in respect of impact on trade and impact on fishery resources. The Consultation identified priorities for further research about the impact of subsidies. In respect of impact on fishery resources, priority for future study was given for the following categories : "capital expansion", "tax waivers and deferrals" and "price support". With respect to impact on trade, the experts assigned priorities to future study of actions that would "reduce the relative price of inputs" and "reduce fishing effort" and to management and regulatory actions. The experts also discussed the methods that would be best suited to carry out these studies.
Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, or IUU fishing, is considered one of the most significant threats to the sustainability of fisheries resources. Since the adoption of the International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IPOA-IUU), States and regional fisheries management organisations have made sustained efforts to address the problem. This book analyses the concept of IUU fishing and the international instruments which provide the legal and policy framework to combat IUU fishing. The book also examines the range of measures adopted by States and regional organisations to address IUU fishing. These measures include flag State, coastal State, port State, and market State measures.
Chapter 3 National Experiences with Subsidies, their Impacts and Reform Processes; Introduction; Fisheries Subsidies: The Senegalese Experience; The Impact of Fisheries Subsidies on Tuna Sustainability and Trade in Ecuador; Fisheries Subsidy Reform in Norway; Common lessons from Senegal, Ecuador and Norway Cases; Chapter 4 Emergence of an International Issue: History of Fisheries Subsidies in the WTO; Introduction; Phase I: Early Analysis and Preliminary International Action; Phase II: Globalization and the Shift of Focus to the WTO; Phase III: The WTO Negotiations Take Shape
The agenda included two main issues: presentation and discussion of work programmes on subsidies in fishery by participating organizations; and challenges and possible way forward/issues for the future. While noting that collaboration among the agencies concerned has been ongoing for some time, the meeting identified a number of additional opportunities for collaboration and also actions for intergovernmental organizations and governments, respectively.
The Committee agreed to establish a Sub-Committee on Aquaculture and adopted the International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IPOA-IUU) Fishing. It agreed that future reporting on the implementation of the Code of Conduct and related IPOAs should be based on in-depth analysis of problems associated with their efficient implementation, using case studies.
On cover and title page: FAO/Japan Government Cooperative Programme.
Examines the underlying root causes of our failure to successfully manage the fishery resources of the world's oceans. This book offers alternative solutions that can allow human society to maximize the long term benefits form ocean resources. It is of interest to academics in economics, business, environmental sciences and sociology.
This report analyses the impacts of financial support to fisheries from a sustainable development perspective by addressing the economic, environmental and social dimensions of these transfers.