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These Pan Magic Square puzzles in this book consists of 25 rectangles built as a 5x5 rectangle shape. A panmagic square, pandiagonal magic square, diabolic square, diabolical square or diabolical magic square is a magic square with the additional property that the broken diagonals, i.e. the diagonals that wrap round at the edges of the square, also add up to the magic constant.
Traditional magic squares employ a chessboard-like arrangement of numbers in which the total of all rows, columns, and diagonals add up to the same number. This innovative approach by a Dutch engineer challenges puzzlists to think two dimensionally by replacing numbers with colorful geometric shapes. Dozens of creative puzzles, suitable for ages 12 and up.
These Pan Magic Square puzzles in this book consists of 25 rectangles built as a 5x5 rectangle shape. A panmagic square, pandiagonal magic square, diabolic square, diabolical square or diabolical magic square is a magic square with the additional property that the broken diagonals, i.e. the diagonals that wrap round at the edges of the square, also add up to the magic constant.
The science of magic squares witnessed an important development in the Islamic world during the Middle Ages, with a great variety of construction methods being created and ameliorated. The initial step was the translation, in the ninth century, of an anonymous Greek text containing the description of certain highly developed arrangements, no doubt the culmination of ancient research on magic squares.