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This analysis of the workings of PACs and their influence examines the ways in which they raise huge sums of money, how they select candidates to back, and what they expect in return for support and assesses their effects on major parties
A supplemental text for courses on Interest Groups, American Political Parties, Campaigns and Elections, and Women and Politics, and other Women's Studies courses. Filling the gap in knowledge about women's political action committees (PACs), this useful text examines the attitudes, priorities, and motivations of individuals who contribute significant amounts of money to the political scene. The three PACs examined are EMILY's List (supporting Democratic pro-choice women candidates); the WISH List (supporting Republican pro-choice women candidates); and the Susan B. Anthony List (supporting pro-life women candidates and pro-life men opposing pro-choice women candidates). Based on survey data as well as face-to-face interviews, this book shows how PACs have narrowed the gender gap in U.S. electoral politics.
Nowadays, Smart Grid has become an established synonym for modern electric power systems. Electric networks are fed less and less by large, centrally planned fossil and nuclear power plants but more and more by millions of smaller, renewable and mostly weather-dependent generation units. A secure energy supply in such a sustainable and ecological system requires a completely different approach for planning, equipping and operating the electric power systems of the future, especially by using flexibility provisions of the network users according to the Smart Grid concept. The book brings together common themes beginning with Smart Grids and the characteristics of power plants based on renewable energy with highly efficient generation principles and storage capabilities. It covers the advanced technologies applied today in the transmission and distribution networks and innovative solutions for maintaining today’s high power quality under the challenging conditions of large-scale shares of volatile renewable energy sources in the annual energy balance. Besides considering the new primary and secondary technology solutions and control facilities for the transmission and distribution networks, prospective market conditions allowing network operators and the network users to gain benefits are also discussed. The growing role of information and communication technologies is investigated. The importance of new standards is underlined and the current international efforts in developing a consistent set of standards are updated in the second edition and described in detail. The updated presentation of international experiences to apply novel Smart Grid solutions to the practice of network operation concludes this book.
Generation of electricity from renewable sources has become a necessity, particularly due to environmental concerns. In order for renewable sources to provide reliable power, their sporadic availability under certain conditions and the lack of control over the resource must be addressed. Different renewable energy sources and storage technologies bring various properties to the table, and power systems must be adapted and constructed to accommodate these. Power electronics and micro-grids play key roles in enabling the use of renewable energy in the evolving smarter grids.
This comprehensive and well-organized text discusses the fundamentals of electronic communication, such as devices and analog and digital circuits, which are so essential for an understanding of digital electronics. Professor Santiram Kal, with his wealth of knowledge and his years of teaching experience, compresses, within the covers of a single volume, all the aspects of electronics - both analog and digital - encompassing devices such as microprocessors, microcontrollers, fibre optics, and photonics. In so doing, he has struck a fine balance between analog and digital electronics. A distinguishing feature of the book is that it gives case studies in modern applications of electronics, including information technology, that is, DBMS, multimedia, computer networks, Internet, and optical communication. Worked-out examples, interspersed throughout the text, and the large number of diagrams should enable the student to have a better grasp of the subject. Besides, exercises, given at the end of each chapter, will sharpen the student's mind in self-study. These student-friendly features are intended to enhance the value of the text and make it both useful and interesting.