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This is the first volume in the English language to cover the entire range of the geology of Thailand since the joint Thai-US account by Brown et al. exactly 60 years ago. Over this period there has been a phenomenal growth in interest in this core area of SE Asia. This has been led by geologists in Thailand, but with important and highly significant input from geologists based elsewhere in Asia and in Europe, Australasia and North America. Some of that research was prompted by commercial considerations, since Thailand has important energy and mineral resources, while other research has sought to understand better the stratigraphic and structural history, including the plate-tectonic story which Thailand's rocks reveal. This new volume seeks to bring together all of this knowledge into a single accessible book; it is the work of an international team drawn from Thailand, Japan, Australia, USA, Canada, Germany and the UK.
Stone buildings and monuments form the cultural centres of many of the world's urban areas. Frequently these areas are prone to high levels of atmospheric pollution that promote a variety of aggressive stone decay processes. Because of this, stone decay is now widely recognised as a severe threat to much of our cultural heritage. An interdisciplinary approach between geologists, environmental scientists, chemists, material scientists, civil engineers, restorers and architects aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with the causes, consequences, prevention and solution of stone decay problems.
In this work, 60 specialists come together to discuss the regional occurrences of Jurassic rocks. Not only is this the first comprehensive synthesis of Jurassic geology and palaeontology, but it is in fact the only one of its kind for any geological system.
Translated from Russian, this text looks at the development of the earth's crust in the Palaeozoic period and starts from the Vendian to the Late Cambrian period. Moving on to include Ordovician to the mature stage of Caledonian and initial stage of development of Hercynian mobile belts; Silurian-Early Devonian. The completion of development of the Caledonian and early, mature and end stages of the Hercynian mobile belts; the birth of Cimmerian mobile belts and ending with the Palaeozoic.
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Tropical land use changes, predominantly the clearing of tropical rain and monsoon forests, have long been recognized as a trend with dramatic consequences. FAO estimated the global loss of rain forest area at 0.6 to 0.9 % per annum in 1993. Most of it can be attributed to the conversion of forest lands to agricultural areas. In Southeast Asia, two countries have suffered from this phenomenon more than any other nations: the Philippines and Thailand. Between 1961 and 1975, the forest reserves of Thailand have been reduced from 57 % to 37 % of the total area, while at the same time the area put to agricultural use has almost doubled. Only a small part of that process was due to organized resettlement programmes; to an overwhelming extent the deforestation has been performed 'illegally' by spontaneous activities of the rural population. The share of forests further declined to 28.9 % in 1998, at a current rate of -0.7 % per year, meaning that Thailand's forest cover has roughly halved since 1960. The author of this thesis stayed as a visiting researcher at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), immediately north of Bangkok, for 6 months from November 2000 until April 2001. The AIT is a small international university for graduate studies with students and teachers from more than 40 countries. The core institution for this scientific cooperation was the Asian Center for Research on Remote Sensing (ACRoRS) of the AIT's School of Advanced Technologies (SAT). Field work in Northeast Thailand was carried out in two legs in February and April 2001. As an underlying principle of this study, it was attempted to incorporate problems from the realms of social as well as physical geography, i.e. to maintain a balance between questions of applied geography (regional studies) and remote sensing. This also means that no special focus was put on advanced RS methodology such as the development of new image processing techniques; the study is rather based on a somewhat holistic approach, joining aspects from many different fields of science as diverse as geology, geomorphology, climatology, agriculture and agricultural economics, sociology, ethnology, politics, and spatial planning. Accordingly, the basic objectives were: - to give a geographical description/characterization of the Northeastern Region of Thailand in terms of its physical properties as well as its social and economical peculiarities. - to try a quantification of forest [...]