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This paper provides an extensive review of different aspects of five shellfish-poisoning syndromes (paralytic, diarrhoeic, amnesic, neurologic and azapiracid), as well as one fish-poisoning syndrome (ciguatera fish poisoning), and discusses in detail the causative toxins produced by marine organisms, chemical structures and analytical methods of the toxins, habitat and occurrence of the toxin-producing organisms, case studies and existing regulations. Based on this analysis, risk assessments are carried out for each of the toxins, and recommendations are elaborated to improve the management of these risks in order to reduce the harmful effect of these toxins on public health.
Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1998.
This document is the outcome of an update of the first edition of the Joint FAO and WHO Technical guidance for the development of the growing area aspects of Bivalve Mollusc Sanitation Programmes published in 2018. FAO has worked jointly with the FAO Reference Centre for Bivalve Sanitation, the UK Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) and Ron Lee, Cefas former employee, for the update of this document to ensure that it is still a useful tool for the development of bivalve sanitation programmes.
This research topic highlights the most recent accomplishments of a Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Working Group, SCOR WG 139: Organic Ligands - A Key Control on Trace Metal Biogeochemistry in the Ocean.
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) - blooms that cause fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, or cause human or ecological health impacts and harm to local economies - are occurring more often, in more places and lasting longer than in past decades. This expansion is primarily the result of human activities, through increased nutrient inputs and various aspects of climate change. The Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (GEOHAB) programme promoted international collaboration to understand HAB population dynamics in various oceanographic regimes and to improve the prediction of HABs. This volume introduces readers to the overarching framework of the GEOHAB programme, factors contributing to the global expansion of harmful algal blooms, the complexities of HABs in different habitats, and the forward-looking issues to be tackled by the next generation of GEOHAB, GlobalHAB. The programme brought together an international team of contributing scientists and ecosystem managers, and its outcomes will greatly benefit the international research community.
In "Removal of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Waters" we have attempted to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the different strategies and alternative treatments currently being studied for the effective removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins from water.
Global Change in Marine Systems analyses and appraises societal and governing responses to change affecting marine social and ecological systems around the world. Acknowledging the stakes – local societies that depend on marine systems for food, livelihoods and wellbeing can suffer great hardship – this book highlights and explains similarities and distinctions between successful and unsuccessful responses. The book presents an analytical framework (‘I-ADApT’) that enables decision-makers to consider possible responses to global change based on experiences elsewhere. Here an international group of researchers from the natural and social sciences apply the ‘I-ADApT’ framework to twenty enlightening case studies, covering a wide range of marine systems challenged by critical global change issues around the world. The innovative research presented here guides marine system researchers, policymakers, decision-makers and practitioners in responding to global change in a timely and appropriate manner. It will appeal to students and researchers interested in environmental studies, natural resources, marine resources, environmental sociology, sustainability, and climate change.