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This report is one of several IIMI publications addressing the issue of irrigation management to promote diversified crops during the dry season. As Sri Lanka approaches self-sufficiency in rice production, a target already achieved by some other countries in the region, there is little logic in growing rice using land and water resources which could support higher- value non-rice crops, using less water. Thus, one of the incentives in improving irrigation management is to find ways of stretching water further during the dry season in water-deficit systems, when rice is relatively more expensive to grow than during the wet season, and when other crops which can be grown only during the dry season (when there is less danger of water-logging) offer the farmer and the country a comparative advantage.
Researchers have studied various aspects of the ancient civilization of Sri Lanka and probed deeply into the subject of village tank clusters (tank cascade systems) during the last 4 decades. A wealth of information was gathered and the knowledge of many components has been updated. This book brings you this updated information. The author brings new definitions of tank cascade systems and cascade ecology. The book begins with the historical perspective and moves on to explain various aspects, step by step, such as geography, geology and geomorphology, soil and climate, surface and groundwater, traditional agriculture and water management, flora and fauna, recent studies and the restoration of cascade ecology. The book will interest geomorphologists, geologists, geographers, archaeologists, ecologists, and historians. Specifically, university lecturers, students and researchers will find interest in these pages and may utilize the content to prepare their study materials.
Water is the key to human civilization. Most of the ancient civilization had its roots to river basins, where people-water interaction was the key aspect. This book offers analytical case studies on different aspects of water communities, which is defined as the human-water interaction process.
Introduction; Tank irrigation modernization project; Gal Oya Water management project; Major irrigation rehabilitation project; Uda Walawe rehabilitation project; Irrigation systems management project; Experiences and lessons learned; Research issues for further investigations.